Home
GeneCards Guide
Suite
- GeneALaCart
- GeneDecks
- GeneIP
- GeneNote
- GeneAnnot
- GeneLoc
- GeneTide
Terms and Conditions
- Terms of Use
- 3rd Party Notice
About Us
User Feedback
Mirror sites

Set Analyses:

Generates a file of GeneCards annotations for your list of genes

Advanced Search

ACE2 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 67

GC0XM013333

angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 2
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database

		Products

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc , and/or ⁷Ensembl, ⁸miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases & Descriptions
angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 2¹ ²		DKFZp434A014²
ACEH² ³ ⁵		angiotensin-converting enzyme 2²
Metalloprotease MPROT15² ³		angiotensin I converting enzyme 2²
Angiotensin-converting enzyme homolog² ³		EC 3.4.17.23³
ACE-related carboxypeptidase² ³

External Ids:	HGNC: 13557¹	Entrez Gene: 59272²	Ensembl: ENSG00000130234⁷	UniProtKB: Q9BYF1³

Export aliases for ACE2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC0XM015289 GC0XM014404 GC0XM014781 GC0XM014940 GC0XM015338 GC0XM015489

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for ACE2:

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme family of dipeptidyl carboxydipeptidases

and has considerable homology to human angiotensin 1 converting enzyme. This secreted protein catalyzes the cleavage

of angiotensin I into angiotensin 1-9, and angiotensin II into the vasodilator angiotensin 1-7. The organ- and

cell-specific expression of this gene suggests that it may play a role in the regulation of cardiovascular and renal

function, as well as fertility. In addition, the encoded protein is a functional receptor for the spike glycoprotein

of the human coronaviruses SARS and HCoV-NL63. (provided by RefSeq)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ACE2_HUMAN, Q9BYF1

Function: Carboxypeptidase which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9, a peptide of unknown function, and

angiotensin II to angiotensin 1-7, a vasodilator. Also able to hydrolyze apelin-13 and dynorphin-13 with high

efficiency. May be an important regulator of heart function. In case of human coronaviruses SARS and HCoV-NL63

infections, serve as functional receptor for the spike glycoprotein of both coronaviruses

summary for ACE2:

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, aka peptidyl dipeptidase A, carboxycathepsin) cleaves a C-terminal

dipeptide from angiotensin I to create the vasoconstrictor peptide, angiotensin II. ACE can also inactivate

the vasodilator peptide, bradykinin. There are two isoforms of ACE, a smaller/single catalytic site enzyme

found in the testes and a more widely expressed ~180kDa dual active site isoform. ACE is often membrane

bound. In contrast to ACE, the homolog ACE2, has recently been shown to cleave and inactivate angiotensin II

to generate the vasodilator Angiotensin (1-7). ACE inhibitors are widely used to treat hypertension and

cardiovascular diseases. ACE inhibitors have also been used to slow nephropathy, particularly when it is

associated with diabetes.

Gene Wiki entry for ACE2 (Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 60), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to Qiagen and/or SABiosciences)
About This Section

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the ACE2 gene promoter:
         NF-kappaB1   NF-kappaB   FOXO1a   Cart-1   POU3F2   NF-E2 p45   NF-E2   C/EBPbeta   COUP-TF1   HNF-4alpha2
         Other transcription factors

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for ACE2

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: Xp22 Ensembl cytogenetic band: Xp22.2 HGNC cytogenetic band: Xp22

ACE2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
ACE2 gene location

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome X GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC0XM013333: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	13,333,989 bp from pter
End:	13,374,656 bp from pter
Size:	40,668 bases
Orientation:	minus strand

1 alternative location:

ChrX- 15,579,156-15,620,271

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000023.10 NT_167197.1

(According to ¹UniProtKB, neXtProt, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to ²Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, and/or ProSpec,
Biochemical Assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, and/or Epitomics)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ACE2_HUMAN, Q9BYF1 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 precursor

Size: 805 amino acids; 92463 Da

Cofactor: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit

Cofactor: Binds 1 chloride ion per subunit

Subunit: Interacts with ITGB1. Interacts with SARS-CoV and HCoV-NL63 spike glycoprotein

Subcellular location: Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: Secreted

Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein

PDB structures from and Proteopedia :

1R42 (3D)

1R4L (3D)

1XJP (3D)

2AJF (3D)

3D0G (3D)

3D0H (3D)

3D0I (3D)

3KBH (3D)

Secondary accessions: Q6UWP0 Q86WT0 Q9NRA7 Q9UFZ6

Alternative splicing: 2 isoforms: Q9BYF1-1 Q9BYF1-2

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for ACE2: NX_Q9BYF1

Post-translational modifications:

N-glycosylation on Asn-90 may limit SARS infectivity¹

View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite²

REFSEQ proteins: NP_068576.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000389326 ENSP00000252519

Human Recombinant Proteins

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
	Sigma-Aldrich Proteins for ACE2
	R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for ACE2 (ACE-2)
	Enzo Life Sciences proteins for ACE2
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells Browse OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysates
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for ACE2
	Sino Biological Recombinant Protein for ACE2
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins

5/7 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 7):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	IDA	10969042
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IDA	18258853
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	IEA	--
GO:0009986	cell surface	IDA	18343844
GO:0016020	membrane	--	--

About this table

ACE2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

Antibodies for ACE2:

	Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of ACE2
	Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for ACE2
	R&D Systems Antibodies for ACE2 (ACE-2)
	OriGene Antibodies (see all 5): ACE2
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for ACE2
	Novus Biologicals Antibodies for ACE2
	Epitomics antibodies for ACE2

Assays for ACE2:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
	Browse ELISAs at Sigma-Aldrich
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript ACE2-Activity-based Protease Assay for Compound Screening
	Enzo Life Sciences assays for ACE2
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for ACE2

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

ACE2 for domains About GeneDecksing

1 InterPro domain/family:

IPR001548 Peptidase_M2

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q9BYF1

ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q9BYF1

1 Blocks protein family: IPB001548 Peptidyl-dipeptidase A (M2) metalloprotease family signature

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ACE2_HUMAN, Q9BYF1

Similarity: Belongs to the peptidase M2 family

(According to UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas, Animal models from MGI Dec 24 2010,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Millipore, siRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Qiagen, Super-pooled esiRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, microRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, Qiagen, SABiosciences, Clones from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, Cell Lines from GenScript, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ACE2_HUMAN, Q9BYF1

Function: Carboxypeptidase which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9, a peptide of unknown function, and

angiotensin II to angiotensin 1-7, a vasodilator. Also able to hydrolyze apelin-13 and dynorphin-13 with high

efficiency. May be an important regulator of heart function. In case of human coronaviruses SARS and HCoV-NL63

infections, serve as functional receptor for the spike glycoprotein of both coronaviruses

Catalytic activity: Angiotensin II + H(2)O = angiotensin-(1-7) + L-phenylalanine

Enzyme regulation: Activated by chloride and fluoride, but not bromide. Inhibited by MLN-4760, cFP_Leu, and EDTA, but

not by the ACE inhibitors linosipril, captopril and enalaprilat

Biophysicochemical properties: Kinetic parameters: KM=6.9 uM for angiotensin I; KM=2 uM for angiotensin II; KM=6.8 uM

for apelin-13; KM=5.5 uM for dynorphin-13; pH dependence: Optimum pH is 6.5 in the presence of 1 M NaCl. Active from

pH 6 to 9;

Induction: Up-regulated in failing heart

Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 3.4.17.23

Inhib. RNA:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich Sigma-Aldrich siRNA Panels and esiRNA and siRNA for ACE2 Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for ACE2
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector: ACE2 OriGene shRNA RFP: ACE2 OriGene basic RS shRNA: ACE2 OriGene siRNA: ACE2
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of ACE2

miRNA:		Sigma-Aldrich microRNA Mimics for ACE2 Browse microRNA target validation systems at Sigma-Aldrich
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of ACE2
		1 SABiosciences Assays for microRNA that regulate ACE2:
		hsa-miR-942

Gene
Editing:

Sigma-Aldrich CompoZr Knockout ZFN for ACE2

Clones:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore
		Browse iPSC Reprogramming Factors at Sigma-Aldrich
		OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: ACE2 OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: ACE2 OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: ACE2 Browse 3'-UTR reporter clones for miRNA target validation Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		GenScript Custom cDNA clone Services for ACE2
		Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for ACE2

Cell
Lines:

GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for ACE2

5/8 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 8):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001618	viral receptor activity	IDA	18343844
GO:0001948	glycoprotein binding	IPI	18343844
GO:0004180	carboxypeptidase activity	IDA	10969042
GO:0008233	peptidase activity	IEA	--
GO:0008237	NOT metallopeptidase activity	IDA	10924499

About this table

ACE2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

Animal Models: 7 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 3 alleles) (MGI details for Ace2):

cardiovascular system	cellular	homeostasis/metabolism	life span-post-weaning/aging	muscle
renal/urinary system	respiratory system

ACE2 for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, and/or ³STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

ACE2 for pathways About GeneDecksing

2 Millipore Pathways for ACE2

	Selected targets of HNF1
	Selected targets of C/EBPalpha

2 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for ACE2):

	hsa04614 Renin-angiotensin system
	hsa04974 Protein digestion and absorption

SABiosciences Pathway-Focused PCR Array including ACE2: PAHS-037A

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for ACE2

3 Interacting proteins for ACE2 (Q9BYF1²) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
CALM1	P62158²	MINT-6175484
CALM2	P62158²
CALM3	P62158²

About this table

5/14 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 14):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001817	regulation of cytokine production	IC	15380922
GO:0002005	angiotensin catabolic process in blood	IC	10924499
GO:0003051	angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior	IMP	18258853
GO:0003081	regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin	IMP	18258853
GO:0006508	proteolysis	IEA	--

About this table

ACE2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

ACE2 for compounds About GeneDecksing

Sigma-Aldrich Small Molecules for ACE2:

Small Molecule - Substrate

Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for ACE2

Compounds for ACE2 available from Tocris Bioscience

Compound	Action	CAS number
Angiotensin I (human, mouse, rat)	Endogenous precursor to angiotensin II (Cat. No. 1158)	[484-42-4]
Benazepril hydrochloride	Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor	[86541-74-4]
Moexipril hydrochloride	Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor	[82586-52-5]

About this table

10/14 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for ACE2 gene (see all 14)

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
lisinopril	49.7	6	15897343 (2), 10969042 (1), 14609329 (1), 10924499 (1)
eplerenone	47.5	3	18654024 (1), 16179584 (1)
ramipril	40.9	1	12623933 (1)
captopril	39.7	7	19141296 (1), 10969042 (1), 2159692 (1), 17473847 (1) (see all 6)
enalaprilat	29.5	2	2159692 (1), 10924499 (1)
zinc	28.3	10	12025971 (2), 12358520 (1), 15165741 (1), 18324760 (1) (see all 7)
nadph	7.85	4	16046899 (1), 19934006 (1), 16179584 (1)
nitric oxide	1.45	16	17906677 (2), 16574921 (1), 16962475 (1), 20424953 (1) (see all 6)
cholesterol	0	5	18814896 (2), 18279660 (1), 17000927 (1)
chloride	0	21	19021774 (5), 14609329 (4), 16008552 (2)

About this table

(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 228 Homo sapiens; Dec 8 2010) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Millipore,
siRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Qiagen, Super-pooled esiRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, microRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, Qiagen, SABiosciences,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, GenScript, Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich Sigma-Aldrich siRNA Panels and esiRNA and siRNA for ACE2 Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for ACE2
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector: ACE2 OriGene shRNA RFP: ACE2 OriGene basic RS shRNA: ACE2 OriGene siRNA: ACE2
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of ACE2

miRNA:		Sigma-Aldrich microRNA Mimics for ACE2 Browse microRNA target validation systems at Sigma-Aldrich
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of ACE2
		1 SABiosciences Assays for microRNA that regulate ACE2:
		hsa-miR-942

Clones:		Browse FLAG tag genes at Sigma-Aldrich
		OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: ACE2 OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: ACE2 OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: ACE2 Browse 3'-UTR reporter clones for miRNA target validation Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		GenScript Custom cDNA clone Services for ACE2

Primers:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: ACE2 Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay for ACE2: PPH02572A

REFSEQ mRNAs for ACE2 gene:

NM_021804.2

Additional cDNA sequence:

AB046569.1 AB193259.1 AB193260.1 AF241254.1 AF291820.1 AK026461.1 AK315144.1 AL110224.1

AY623811.1 BC032938.1 BC039902.1 BC048094.1 BC048144.1 BC059378.1 CR599955.1 GQ262784.1

6 DOTS entries:

DT.307623 DT.101981334 DT.121278420 DT.95307906 DT.121278416 DT.65286672

24/47 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 47):

BX097232 CR599955 BC048144 AF241254 NM_021804 AK026461 AW611816 AI928360

BC048094 BC059378 BP371391 AL551235 AL110224 BX484152 AA421125 AF291820

BC039902 AY623811 AA397955 AL574873 AL039738 BG428060 AW772472 BG401683

highest scoring ESTs for ACE2:

AB046569 AF241254 AF291820 BC032938 BC039902 BC048094 BC048144 BC059378 BG722079 BI561069

Unigene Cluster for ACE2:

Angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 2

Hs.178098 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: AB193259

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/6 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for ACE2 (see all 6)

ExUns:	1a	·	1b	^	2a	·	2b	·	2c	^	3	^	4a	·	4b	·	4c	^	5a	·	5b	^	6	^	7	^	8	^	9	^	10a	·	10b	^	11	^	12	^	13a	·	13b	^	14	^	15a	·	15b	^	16	^	17a	·
SP1:
SP2:																																													-
SP3:					-		-
SP4:																																					-		-
SP5:

ExUns:	17b	^	18	^	19	^	20
SP1:
SP2:
SP3:
SP4:
SP5:

About this scheme

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for ACE2
5 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000427411(uc004cxa.1 uc004cxb.2) ENST00000484756 ENST00000473851

ENST00000471548 ENST00000252519

(Experimental results according to ¹GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to ²GeneAnnot , ³GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 228 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences )
About This Section

ACE2 expression in normal and diseased human tissues

¹ / ² / ³

5 probe-sets matching ACE2 gene

Affymetrix probe-set	Array	# genes	Sensitivity	Specificity	Correlation	Length	Gb_Accession	Consensus	Uniqueness	Score	Rank
Affymetrix probe-set	Array	GeneAnnot data			GeneNote data		GeneTide data
51620_at²^{, 3}	U95-B	1	0.94	1.00	1.00	1.00	AI628611	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
222257_s_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	AK026461	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
219962_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	NM_021804	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
222257_s_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
219962_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

About this table

ACE2 for expression About GeneDecksing

Data from Genenote (Publications) and GNF BioGPS
About these images

ACE2 gene electronic northern expression

About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: GCCAAGGAGA

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.178098

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ACE2_HUMAN, Q9BYF1

Tissue specificity: Expressed in endothelial cells from small and large arteries, and in arterial smooth muscle cells.

Expressed in lung alveolar epithelial cells, enterocytes of the small intestine, Leydig cells and Sertoli cells (at

protein level). Expressed in heart, kidney, testis, and gastrointestinal system

Primers:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: ACE2 Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay for ACE2: PPH02572A

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Array including ACE2: PAHS-037A

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD and/or ⁵MGI Dec 24 2010, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section

Orthologs for ACE2 gene from 5/8 species (see all 8)

Organism	Gene	Locus	Description	Human Similarity	NCBI accessions
dog (Canis familiaris)	ACE2¹	--	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase more	87.23(n) 84.2(a)	480847 XM_537964.2 XP_537964.2
rat (Rattus norvegicus)	Ace2¹	--	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase more	85.05(n) 82.48(a)	302668 NM_001012006.1 NP_001012006.1
mouse (Mus musculus)	Ace2^{1 , 5}	X (76.12 cM)⁵	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase more^{1, 5}	85.22(n)¹ 82.11(a)¹	70008¹ NM_027286.3¹ NP_081562.2¹ AA690434⁵ AB053181⁵ (see all 16)
chicken (Gallus gallus)	ACE2¹	--	angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase more	68.51(n) 67.04(a)	418623 XM_416822.2 XP_416822.2
zebrafish (Danio rerio)	BC053284.1²	--	--	72.89(n)	BC053284.1

About this table Species with no ortholog for ACE2

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for ACE2 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene
and ²Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to ³Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

Paralogs for ACE2 gene

ACE² TMEM27²

ACE2 for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Resequencing Primers from Qiagen)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Chr X pos	Sequence	Recs	AA Chg	Type	More	Recs	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data				Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
			--	--	--		--	--
rs233574^1,2	C,F,A	15582609(+)	`gactcC/Tgtttc`	1	--	int¹		14		NA EA NS WA	602
rs233575^1,2	C,F,	15582966(-)	`AAATAT/CTACTA`	1	--	int¹		23		NS EA NA WA	1399
rs714205^1,2	C,F,A,H,	15583904(+)	`ctcccC/Gtttac`	1	--	int¹		15		NS NA	1123
rs757066^1,2	C,F,O,H,	15608952(+)	`TGTGTT/CAGGAT`	1	--	int¹		22		NA EA NS WA	1292
rs879922^1,2	C,F,O,A,H,	15590807(-)	`ACCTAC/GTAACC`	1	--	int¹		37		NA EA MN NS WA	3494
rs971249^1,2	C,F,A,	15607650(+)	`ATACAC/TAGATT`	1	--	int¹		11		NS EA NA WA	557
rs971250^1,2	--	15607657(+)	`GATTAG/TCCTTG`	1	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs1514279^1,2	C,F,O,A,H,	15604865(+)	`ATGCTA/GTATCT`	1	--	int¹		25		NA EA NS WA	1208
rs1514280^1,2	C,F,H,	15586448(-)	`TTGAAC/TGTCAA`	1	--	int¹		25		NA EA NS WA	1621
rs1514281^1,2	C,F	15582786(-)	`TGCCAA/GCCATT`	1	--	int¹		5		NS	376

About this table

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for ACE2 (up to first 250kb)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for ACE2: --

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing ACE2

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, LSDB, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

ACE2 for disorders About GeneDecksing

OMIM: 300335

10/23 Novoseek disease relationships for ACE2 gene (see all 23)

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
coronavirus infections	72.6	3	16581295 (1), 17974127 (1), 19297479 (1)
diabetic nephropathies	48.5	30	19077419 (7), 16211375 (4), 18389211 (3), 19034303 (2) (see all 8)
essential hypertension	36.5	20	16866021 (3), 16215952 (2), 17024138 (1), 20117991 (1) (see all 7)
renal disease	35.6	22	15538735 (5), 19034303 (4), 18367030 (2), 18371537 (2) (see all 10)
cardiovascular diseases	31	12	16009403 (2), 17703127 (2), 18258853 (1), 16822235 (1) (see all 6)
vesicular stomatitis	29.9	1	16690935 (1)
cardiomyopathy	29.5	4	17499227 (3), 15151696 (1)
heart failure	29.3	13	15151696 (3), 19700132 (2), 17499227 (2), 18718423 (2) (see all 8)
liver fibrosis	18.1	1	16166274 (1)
virus infection	15.4	4	15221932 (1), 18490652 (1), 15496474 (1), 16510163 (1)

About this table

Locus Specific Mutation Databases (LSDB): ACE2
Genetic Association Database (GAD): ACE2
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: ACE2 (30 documents)

Export disorders and mutations for ACE2 gene to outside databases

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
About This Section

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or ⁷Novoseek)
About This Section

10/254 PubMed articles for ACE2 gene, integrated from 7 sources (see all 254):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with ACE2)

A novel angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9. (PubMed id 10969042)^{1, 2, 3, 7} Donoghue M.... Acton S. (2000)
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha convertase (ADAM17) mediates regulated ectodomain shedding of the severe-acute respiratory syndrome- coronavirus (SARS-CoV) receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2). (PubMed id 15983030)^{1, 2, 7} Lambert D.W.... Turner A.J. (2005)
Myocardial infarction increases ACE2 expression in rat and humans. (PubMed id 15671045)^{1, 2, 7} Burrell L.M....Johnston C.I. (2005)
ACE2 gene expression is up-regulated in the human failing heart. (PubMed id 15151696)^{1, 2, 7} Goulter A.B.... Clark K.L. (2004)
Efficient replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in mouse cells is limited by murine angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. (PubMed id 15452268)^{1, 2, 7} Li W.... Choe H. (2004)
Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis. (PubMed id 15141377)^{1, 2, 7} Hamming I....van Goor H. (2004)
Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) gene polymorphisms with parameters of left ventricular hypertrophy in men. Results of the MONICA Augsburg echocardiographic substudy. (PubMed id 16283142)^{1, 4, 7} Lieb W....Erdmann J. (2006)
Polymorphisms in the gene encoding angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 and diabetic nephropathy. (PubMed id 16211375)^{1, 4, 7} Frojdo S....Groop P.H. (2005)
Receptor and viral determinants of SARS-coronavirus adaptation to human ACE2. (PubMed id 15791205)^{1, 2, 7} Li W.... Farzan M. (2005)
The novel angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) homolog, ACE2, is selectively expressed by adult Leydig cells of the testis. (PubMed id 15231706)^{1, 2, 7} Douglas G.C.... Lew R.A. (2004)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 59272	HGNC: 13557	AceView: ACE2	Ensembl:ENSG00000130234	euGenes: HUgn59272
ECgene: ACE2	Kegg: 59272	H-InvDB: ACE2

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Name	Description
ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for ACE2	Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
SeattleSNPs	http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/ace2/

Intellectual Property for ACE2 gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from XenneX, Inc.)

About This Section

Patent Information for ACE2 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving ACE2

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Qiagen, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Epitomics, ProSpec, Uscn,
Clones available from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences)
About This Section

	Millipore Custom Antibody & Bulk Services
	Millipore Preclinical / Clinical Development Services
	Millipore Immunoassay Services
	Millipore Target Screening & Profiling Services

	Predesigned and custom siRNAs for ACE2		Antibodies for ACE2
	Super-pooled esiRNAs for ACE2		Proteins for ACE2
	Lentivirus-delivered shRNAs for ACE2		microRNA Mimics for ACE2
	"Your Favorite Gene" Pathways and Molecular Interaction Networks		Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich
	Browse iPSC Reprogramming Factors at Sigma-Aldrich		Small molecules for ACE2
	Browse FLAG tag genes at Sigma-Aldrich		Browse ELISAs at Sigma-Aldrich
	Browse microRNA Target Validation Systems at Sigma-Aldrich		CompoZr Knockout ZFN for ACE2
	feedback

	Antibodies for ACE2 (ACE-2)		Cell Culture Products
	ELISAs		Flow Cytometry Kits
	Primer Pairs		Kinase Activity Assays/Reagents
	ELISpot Kits/Development Modules		TFB/Immunoprecipitation Assays
	Apoptosis Detection Kits/Reagents		Protease Activity Assays/Reagents
	DNA Damage/Repair Kits/Reagents		Multiplex/Array Assay Kits/Reagents
	Cell Selection/Detection Kits/Reagents		ELISA/Assay Development Kits/Reagents
	Phosphatase Activity Assays/Reagents		Recombinant/Natural Proteins for ACE2 (ACE-2)

	Tagged/untagged cDNA clones
	Validated SYBR primer pairs
	Purified proteins from HEK293T cells
	Lysates
	Western blot validated antibodies
	shRNA in GFP-retroviral vector
	siRNA
	Custom Immunoassay Development
	Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	miRNA Primers for qPCR Assays
	3' UTR Clones for miRNA Target Studies
	miRNA Expression Plasmids

	QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of ACE2
	SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing ACE2
	QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays
	QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of ACE2

	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for ACE2		GenScript Custom cDNA clones with any tag delivered in your preferred vector Services for ACE2
	GenScript ACE2-Activity-based typehere Assay for Compound Screening		GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for ACE2
	GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for ACE2		CloneReady with Over 120,000 Genes
	Gene Synthesis: Any Gene in Any Vector		Vector-based siRNA and miRNA, Ready for Transfection
	Gene Mutant Library, Variants up to 10^11		Plasmid Preparation
	Custom Peptide Services

Search for Antibodies & Assays

	Regulatory tfbs in ACE2 promoter
	Search Chromatin IP Primers for ACE2
	RT² qPCR Primer Assay for ACE2
	GNC Network for ACE2
	Assays for microRNAs that regulate ACE2
	SABiosciences PCR Arrays including ACE2

Tocris compounds for ACE2

	Proteins and Antibodies for ACE2
	cDNA Clones for ACE2
	Antibodies/Proteins Production Services
	Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody Platform
	Bulk Purchasing

	Assays/Drugs/Proteins for ACE2
	Search www.enzolifesciences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies

	Novus Tissue Slides
	Antibodies for ACE2

Antibodies for ACE2

Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins

ELISAs and CLIAs for ACE2

GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 30 Dec 2010 - Incremental updates: 9 Jan 2011 , 10 Jan 2011

View Random Gene

Category
GIFtS Group

The GeneCards human gene database gene index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

The GeneCards Human Gene Database

Developed at the Crown Human Genome Center, Department of Molecular Genetics, the Weizmann Institute of Science

ACE2 gene at Home site.

hostname: www-ab3 db genecards_305 index build: 81e solr: 1.4

Advanced Search

Export list of displayed genes

ACE2 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 67

Aliases &
Descriptions
for ACE2 gene

Summaries
for ACE2 gene

Genomic Views
for ACE2 gene

Proteins
for ACE2 gene

Protein Domains/
Families
for ACE2 gene

Gene Function
for ACE2 gene

Pathways & Interactions
for ACE2 gene

Drugs & Compounds
for ACE2 gene

Transcripts
for ACE2 gene

Expression
for ACE2 gene

Orthologs
for ACE2 gene

Paralogs
for ACE2 gene

Genomic Variants
for ACE2 gene

Disorders & Mutations
for ACE2 gene

Medical News
for ACE2 gene

Publications
for ACE2 gene

External Searches for ACE2 gene

Genome Databases showing ACE2 gene

Other Databases showing ACE2 gene

Specialized Databases showing ACE2 gene

Intellectual Property
for ACE2 gene

Products
for ACE2 gene

View Random Gene

Cardiomyopathy
RENAL DISEASE
essential hypertension
Liver Fibrosis
Inflammation
Diabetic Nephropathies
Proteinuria
INFARCT
Lung diseases
immunodeficiency
Coronavirus Infections
Intracranial Aneurysm
STROKE
Vesicular stomatitis
Liver diseases
Cardiovascular Diseases
Tumors
systemic hypertension
Necrosis
Cancer
virus infection
HEART FAILURE
Myocardial Infarction

Advanced Search

Export list of displayed genes

ACE2 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 67

Aliases & Descriptionsfor ACE2 gene

Summariesfor ACE2 gene

Genomic Viewsfor ACE2 gene

Proteinsfor ACE2 gene

Protein Domains/Familiesfor ACE2 gene

Gene Functionfor ACE2 gene

Pathways & Interactionsfor ACE2 gene

Drugs & Compoundsfor ACE2 gene

Transcriptsfor ACE2 gene

Expression for ACE2 gene

Orthologsfor ACE2 gene

Paralogsfor ACE2 gene

Genomic Variantsfor ACE2 gene

Disorders & Mutationsfor ACE2 gene

Medical Newsfor ACE2 gene

Publicationsfor ACE2 gene

External Searches for ACE2 gene

Genome Databases showing ACE2 gene

Other Databases showing ACE2 gene

Specialized Databases showing ACE2 gene

Intellectual Propertyfor ACE2 gene

Productsfor ACE2 gene

View Random Gene

Aliases &
Descriptions
for ACE2 gene

Summaries
for ACE2 gene

Genomic Views
for ACE2 gene

Proteins
for ACE2 gene

Protein Domains/
Families
for ACE2 gene

Gene Function
for ACE2 gene

Pathways & Interactions
for ACE2 gene

Drugs & Compounds
for ACE2 gene

Transcripts
for ACE2 gene

Expression
for ACE2 gene

Orthologs
for ACE2 gene

Paralogs
for ACE2 gene

Genomic Variants
for ACE2 gene

Disorders & Mutations
for ACE2 gene

Medical News
for ACE2 gene

Publications
for ACE2 gene

Intellectual Property
for ACE2 gene

Products
for ACE2 gene