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ATXN3 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 63

GC14M072705
ataxin 3
(Previous names: Machado-Joseph disease (spinocerebellar ataxia 3, olivopontocerebellar ataxia 3, autosomal dominant, ataxin 3) )
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database
(Previous symbols: SCA3, MJD)
Products    

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc , and/or 7Ensembl, 8miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases & Descriptions
ataxin 31 2     Machado-Joseph disease protein 12 3
ATX31 2 3     olivopontocerebellar ataxia 32
SCA32 3 5     josephin2
MJD2 3 5     AT32
JOS1 2     ataxin-32
Machado-Joseph disease (spinocerebellar ataxia 3, olivopontocerebellar ataxia
3, autosomal dominant, ataxin 3)1 2
     OTTHUMP000002215842
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 protein2 3     EC 3.4.19.123
MJD12 3     

External Ids:    HGNC: 71061   Entrez Gene: 42872   Ensembl: ENSG000000664277   UniProtKB: P542523   

Export aliases for ATXN3 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC14M091599 GC14M092524


(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for ATXN3:
Machado-Joseph disease, also known as spinocerebellar ataxia-3, is an autosomal dominant neurologic disorder. The
protein encoded by this gene contains (CAG)n repeats in the coding region, and the expansion of these repeats from the
normal 13-36 to 68-79 is one cause of Machado-Joseph disease. There is a negative correlation between the age of onset
and CAG repeat numbers. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for
this gene. (provided by RefSeq)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ATX3_HUMAN, P54252
Function: Interacts with key regulators (CBP, p300 and PCAF) of transcription and represses transcription. Acts as a
histone-binding protein that regulates transcription. Acts as a deubiquitinating enzyme

Gene Wiki entry for ATXN3 (Ataxin 3)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 60), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to Qiagen and/or SABiosciences)
About This Section

Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the ATXN3 gene promoter:
         p300   TBP   Sp1   TFIID   USF1   RP58   FOXL1   SREBP-1b   SREBP-1a   SREBP-1c   
         Other transcription factors

   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for ATXN3

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays for ATXN3 


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 14q21   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  14q32.12   HGNC cytogenetic band: 14q21

ATXN3 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
ATXN3 gene location

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 14         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC14M072705:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
72,705,822 bp from pter
End:
72,754,183 bp from pter
Size:
48,362 bases
Orientation:
minus strand

1 alternative location:
Chr14- 92,524,896-92,572,965     
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000014.8  NT_026437.12  

(According to 1UniProtKB, neXtProt, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to 2Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, and/or ProSpec,
Biochemical Assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, and/or Epitomics)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ATX3_HUMAN, P54252 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Ataxin-3  
Size: 364 amino acids; 41781 Da
Subunit: Interacts with DNA repair proteins RAD23A and RAD23B
Subcellular location: Nucleus matrix. Note=Predominantly nuclear, but not exclusively, inner nuclear matrix
PDB structures from and Proteopedia :
1YZB (3D)    2AGA (3D)    2DOS (3D)    2JRI (3D)    2KLZ (3D)    
Secondary accessions: A7LFZ5 O15284 O15285 O15286 Q8N189 Q96TC3 Q96TC4 Q9H3N0
Alternative splicing: 3 isoforms:  P54252-1   P54252-2   P54252-3   

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for ATXN3: NX_P54252 

Post-translational modifications:

  • View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite2


  • REFSEQ proteins (12 alternative transcripts): 
    NP_001121168.1  NP_001121169.2  NP_001158246.1  NP_001158248.1  NP_001158249.1  NP_001158250.1  NP_001158251.1  NP_001158252.1  
    NP_001158253.1  NP_001158254.1  NP_004984.2  NP_109376.1  


    ENSEMBL proteins: 
    ENSP00000387442 ENSP00000352324 ENSP00000389376 ENSP00000376965 ENSP00000425322 ENSP00000422073 
    ENSP00000426697 ENSP00000352872 ENSP00000376967 ENSP00000339110 


    Human Recombinant Proteins 
    Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
    Browse Human Recombinant Proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
    Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
    Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
    Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells
    Browse OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysates
    GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for ATXN3 
    Novus Biologicals Proteins for ATXN3
    Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
    ProSpec Recombinant Protein for ATXN3

    4 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005634 nucleus IEA--
    GO:0005654 nucleoplasm TAS9580663
    GO:0005737 cytoplasm TAS9124802
    GO:0016363 nuclear matrix IEA--
    About this table

    ATXN3 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Antibodies for ATXN3: 
    Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of ATXN3
    Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for ATXN3
    Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
    Browse OriGene Antibodies
    GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for ATXN3 
    Novus Biologicals Antibody for ATXN3
    Epitomics antibodies for ATXN3

    Assays for ATXN3: 
    Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
    Browse ELISAs at Sigma-Aldrich
    OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development 
    Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits 
    Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
    GenScript Custom Assay Services for ATXN3 
    Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for ATXN3 


    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section

    ATXN3 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    2 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR006155 Josephin
     IPR003903 Ubiquitin-int_motif

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P54252

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P54252

    2 Blocks protein families:
    IPB003903 Ubiquitin interacting motif
    IPB006155 Josephin signature


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ATX3_HUMAN, P54252
    Similarity: Contains 1 Josephin domain
    Similarity: Contains 3 UIM (ubiquitin-interacting motif) repeats


    (According to UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas, Animal models from MGI Dec 24 2010,
    shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Millipore, siRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Qiagen, Super-pooled esiRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, microRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, Qiagen, SABiosciences, Clones from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, Cell Lines from GenScript, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ATX3_HUMAN, P54252
    Function: Interacts with key regulators (CBP, p300 and PCAF) of transcription and represses transcription. Acts as a
    histone-binding protein that regulates transcription. Acts as a deubiquitinating enzyme
    Catalytic activity: Thiol-dependent hydrolysis of ester, thioester, amide, peptide and isopeptide bonds formed by the
    C-terminal Gly of ubiquitin (a 76-residue protein attached to proteins as an intracellular targeting signal)
    Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 3.4.19.12 

    Inhib.
    RNA:
        
    Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
    Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich
    Sigma-Aldrich siRNA Panels and esiRNA and siRNA for ATXN3
    Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for ATXN3
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector (see all 33): ATXN3
    OriGene shRNA RFP (see all 33): ATXN3
    OriGene basic RS shRNA (see all 33): ATXN3
    OriGene siRNA (see all 33): ATXN3
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of ATXN3 
    miRNA:Browse microRNA Mimics at Sigma-Aldrich
    Browse microRNA target validation systems at Sigma-Aldrich 
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of ATXN3 
    8/12 SABiosciences Assays for microRNAs that regulate ATXN3 (see all 12):
    hsa-miR-92a hsa-miR-181c hsa-miR-409-3p hsa-miR-25 hsa-miR-548o hsa-miR-32 hsa-miR-181a hsa-miR-181d

    Gene
    Editing:
    Browse CompoZr Knockout ZFN at Sigma-Aldrich 

    Clones:Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore
    Browse iPSC Reprogramming Factors at Sigma-Aldrich
    OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 11): ATXN3
    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 13): ATXN3
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 4): ATXN3
    OriGene 3'-UTR clone (see all 12): ATXN3 
    Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids 
    GenScript Custom cDNA clone Services for ATXN3 
    Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones

    Cell
    Lines:
      
    GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for ATXN3 

    4 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0004221 ubiquitin thiolesterase activity IEA--
    GO:0005515 protein binding IPI16525503
    GO:0008233 peptidase activity IEA--
    GO:0008234 cysteine-type peptidase activity IEA--
    About this table

    ATXN3 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing

    Animal Models: 1 MGI mutant phenotype (inferred from 1 allele(MGI details for Atxn3):

    behavior/neurological

    ATXN3 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    (Pathways according to Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, and/or 3STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section


    ATXN3 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    1 Millipore Pathway for ATXN3
        Proteolysis Putative ubiquitin pathway

    1 Kegg Pathway  (Kegg details for ATXN3):
        hsa04141 Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum

        SABiosciences Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including ATXN3: PAHS-042A PAHS-089A 

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for ATXN3

    5/17 Interacting proteins for ATXN3 (ENSP000003528723 P542521, 2) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 17)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    VCPP550721, 2STRING: ENSP00000351777 EBI-946046,EBI-355164 MINT-2837662 MINT-2837891 MINT-2837871 MINT-2837641 MINT-2838376 MINT-2837835 MINT-7903973 MINT-2838443 MINT-7904025 MINT-2838413 MINT-2837781 MINT-50296 MINT-2837757 MINT-7904005 MINT-50299
    C16orf70Q9BSU11, 2EBI-946046,EBI-946080 MINT-2855422 MINT-2876621
    RAD23BP547272STRING: ENSP00000350708 MINT-2790957 MINT-2862523
    PSMD7P516652MINT-50298 MINT-50300
    SYVN1Q86TM62MINT-7903973 MINT-7904005
    About this table

    5 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view):

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0006289 nucleotide-excision repair TAS10915768
    GO:0007268 synaptic transmission TAS7655453
    GO:0007399 nervous system development TAS9124802
    GO:0008219 cell death IEA--
    GO:0045449 regulation of transcription IEA--
    About this table

    ATXN3 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
    About This Section

    ATXN3 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich
    Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

    Browse Tocris compounds for ATXN3
    4 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for ATXN3 gene
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    glutamine 86.3 153 10556285 (6), 14659761 (5), 10993685 (3), 11561037 (3) (see all 77)
    polyacrylamide 21 2 10465503 (1), 20334689 (1)
    cysteine 16.8 9 16020535 (2), 10085113 (1), 14559776 (1), 17079677 (1) (see all 6)
    testosterone 0 2 9535906 (1), 11356158 (1)
    About this table



    (GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 228 Homo sapiens; Dec 8 2010) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
    ESTs according to GeneTide,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from Millipore,
    siRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Qiagen, Super-pooled esiRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich,
    shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, microRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, Qiagen, SABiosciences,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, GenScript, Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences)
    About This Section

    Inhib.
    RNA:
         
    Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
    Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich
    Sigma-Aldrich siRNA Panels and esiRNA and siRNA for ATXN3
    Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for ATXN3
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector (see all 33): ATXN3
    OriGene shRNA RFP (see all 33): ATXN3
    OriGene basic RS shRNA (see all 33): ATXN3
    OriGene siRNA (see all 33): ATXN3
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of ATXN3 
    miRNA: Browse microRNA Mimics at Sigma-Aldrich
    Browse microRNA target validation systems at Sigma-Aldrich 
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of ATXN3 
    8/12 SABiosciences Assays for microRNAs that regulate ATXN3 (see all 12):
    hsa-miR-92a hsa-miR-181c hsa-miR-409-3p hsa-miR-25 hsa-miR-548o hsa-miR-32 hsa-miR-181a hsa-miR-181d
    Clones: Browse FLAG tag genes at Sigma-Aldrich
    OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 11): ATXN3
    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 13): ATXN3
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 4): ATXN3
    OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 12): ATXN3 
    Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids 
    GenScript Custom cDNA clone Services for ATXN3 
    Primers: OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: ATXN3
    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs 
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay for ATXN3: PPH19855A

    REFSEQ mRNAs for ATXN3 gene (12 alternative transcripts): 

    NM_001127696.1  NM_001127697.2  NM_001164774.1  NM_001164776.1  NM_001164777.1  NM_001164778.1  NM_001164779.1  NM_001164780.1  
    NM_001164781.1  NM_001164782.1  NM_004993.5  NM_030660.4  

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AB050194.1 AB209309.1 AK021920.1 AK225884.1 AK307720.1 AK314919.1 BC033711.1 BC095402.1 
    CR602562.1 GQ176433.1 GQ176434.1 GQ176435.1 GQ176436.1 GQ176437.1 GQ176438.1 GQ176439.1 
    GQ176440.1 GQ176441.1 GQ176442.1 GQ176443.1 GQ176444.1 GQ176445.1 GQ176446.1 GQ176447.1 
    GQ176448.1 GQ176449.1 GQ176450.1 GQ176451.1 GQ176452.1 GQ176453.1 GQ176454.1 GQ176455.1 
    GQ176456.1 GQ176457.1 GQ176458.1 GQ176459.1 GQ176460.1 GQ176461.1 GQ176462.1 GQ176463.1 
    GQ176464.1 GQ176465.1 GQ176466.1 GQ176467.1 GQ176468.1 GQ176469.1 GQ176470.1 GQ176471.1 
    GQ176472.1 GQ176473.1 GQ176474.1 GQ176475.1 GQ176476.1 GQ176477.1 GQ176478.1 GQ176479.1 
    GQ176480.1 GQ176481.1 GQ176482.1 GQ176483.1 GQ176484.1 GQ176485.1 GQ176486.1 GQ176487.1 
    GQ176488.1 GQ176489.1 GQ176490.1 GQ176491.1 GQ176492.1 GQ176493.1 GQ176494.1 GQ176495.1 
    GQ176496.1 GQ176497.1 GQ176498.1 GQ176499.1 GQ176500.1 GQ176501.1 GQ176502.1 GQ176503.1 
    GQ176504.1 GQ176505.1 GQ176506.1 GQ176507.1 GQ176508.1 GQ176509.1 GQ176510.1 GQ176511.1 
    GQ176512.1 GQ176513.1 GQ176514.1 GQ176515.1 GQ176516.1 GQ176517.1 GQ176518.1 GQ176519.1 
    GQ176520.1 GQ176521.1 GQ176522.1 GQ176523.1 GQ176524.1 GQ176525.1 GQ176526.1 GQ176527.1 
    GQ176528.1 GQ176529.1 GQ176530.1 GQ176531.1 GQ176532.1 GQ176533.1 GQ176534.1 GQ176535.1 
    GQ176536.1 GQ176537.1 GQ176538.1 GQ176539.1 GQ176540.1 GQ176541.1 GQ176542.1 GQ176543.1 
    GQ176544.1 GQ176545.1 GQ176546.1 GQ176547.1 GQ176548.1 GQ176549.1 GQ176550.1 GQ176551.1 
    GQ176552.1 GQ176553.1 GQ176554.1 GQ176555.1 GQ176556.1 GQ176557.1 GQ176558.1 GQ176559.1 
    GQ176560.1 GQ176561.1 GQ176562.1 GQ176563.1 GQ176564.1 GQ176565.1 GQ176566.1 GQ176567.1 
    GQ176568.1 GQ176569.1 GQ176570.1 GQ176571.1 GQ176572.1 GQ176573.1 GQ176574.1 GQ176575.1 
    GQ176576.1 GQ176577.1 GQ176578.1 GQ176579.1 GQ176580.1 GQ176581.1 GQ176582.1 GQ176583.1 
    GQ176584.1 GQ176585.1 GQ176586.1 GQ176587.1 GQ176588.1 GQ176589.1 GQ176590.1 GQ176591.1 
    GQ176592.1 GQ176593.1 GQ176594.1 GQ176595.1 GQ176596.1 GQ176597.1 GQ176598.1 GQ176599.1 
    GQ176600.1 GQ176601.1 GQ176602.1 GQ176603.1 GQ176604.1 GQ176605.1 GQ176606.1 GQ176607.1 
    GQ176608.1 GQ176609.1 GQ176610.1 GQ176611.1 GQ176612.1 GQ176613.1 GQ176614.1 GQ176615.1 
    GQ176616.1 GQ176617.1 GQ176618.1 GQ176619.1 GQ176620.1 GQ176621.1 GQ176622.1 GQ176623.1 
    GQ176624.1 GQ176625.1 GQ176626.1 GQ176627.1 GQ176628.1 GQ176629.1 GQ176630.1 GQ176631.1 
    GQ176632.1 GQ176633.1 GQ176634.1 GQ176635.1 GQ176636.1 GQ176637.1 GQ176638.1 GQ176639.1 
    GQ176640.1 GQ176641.1 GQ176642.1 GQ176643.1 GQ176644.1 GQ176645.1 GQ176646.1 GQ176647.1 
    GQ176648.1 GQ176649.1 GQ176650.1 GQ176651.1 GQ176652.1 GQ176653.1 GQ176654.1 GQ176655.1 
    GQ176656.1 GQ176657.1 GQ176658.1 GQ176659.1 GQ176660.1 GQ176661.1 GQ176662.1 GQ176663.1 
    GQ176664.1 GQ176665.1 GQ176666.1 GQ176667.1 GQ176668.1 GQ176669.1 GQ176670.1 GQ176671.1 
    GQ176672.1 GQ176673.1 GQ176674.1 GQ176675.1 GQ176676.1 GQ176677.1 GQ176678.1 GQ176679.1 
    GQ176680.1 GQ176681.1 GQ176682.1 GQ176683.1 GQ176684.1 GQ176685.1 GQ176686.1 GQ176687.1 
    GQ176688.1 GQ176689.1 GQ176690.1 GQ176691.1 GQ176692.1 GQ176693.1 GQ176694.1 GQ176695.1 
    GQ176696.1 GQ176697.1 GQ176698.1 GQ176699.1 GQ176700.1 GQ176701.1 GQ176702.1 GQ176703.1 
    GQ176704.1 GQ176705.1 GQ176706.1 GQ176707.1 GQ176708.1 GQ176709.1 GQ176710.1 GQ176711.1 
    GQ176712.1 GQ176713.1 GQ176714.1 GQ176715.1 GQ176716.1 GQ176717.1 GQ176718.1 GQ176719.1 
    GQ176720.1 GQ176721.1 GQ176722.1 GQ176723.1 GQ176724.1 GQ176725.1 GQ176726.1 GQ176727.1 
    GQ176728.1 GQ176729.1 GQ176730.1 GQ176731.1 GQ176732.1 GQ176733.1 GQ176734.1 GQ176735.1 
    GQ176736.1 GQ176737.1 GQ176738.1 GQ176739.1 GQ176740.1 GQ176741.1 GQ176742.1 GQ176743.1 
    GQ176744.1 GQ176745.1 GQ176746.1 GQ176747.1 GQ176748.1 GQ176749.1 GQ176750.1 GQ176751.1 
    GQ176752.1 GQ176753.1 GQ176754.1 GQ176755.1 GQ176756.1 GQ176757.1 GQ176758.1 GQ176759.1 
    GQ176760.1 GQ176761.1 GQ176762.1 GQ176763.1 GQ176764.1 GQ176765.1 GQ176766.1 GQ176767.1 
    GQ176768.1 GQ176769.1 GQ176770.1 GQ176771.1 GQ176772.1 GQ176773.1 GQ176774.1 GQ176775.1 
    GQ176776.1 GQ176777.1 GQ176778.1 GQ176779.1 GQ176780.1 GQ176781.1 GQ176782.1 GQ176783.1 
    GQ176784.1 GQ176785.1 GQ176786.1 GQ176787.1 GQ176788.1 GQ176789.1 GQ176790.1 GQ176791.1 
    GQ176792.1 GQ176793.1 GQ176794.1 GQ176795.1 GQ176796.1 GQ176797.1 GQ176798.1 GQ176799.1 
    GQ176800.1 GQ176801.1 GQ176802.1 GQ176803.1 GQ176804.1 GQ176805.1 GQ176806.1 GQ176807.1 
    GQ176808.1 GQ176809.1 GQ176810.1 GQ176811.1 GQ176812.1 GQ176813.1 GQ176814.1 GQ176815.1 
    GQ176816.1 GQ176817.1 GQ176818.1 GQ176819.1 GQ176820.1 GQ176821.1 GQ176822.1 GQ176823.1 
    GQ176824.1 GQ176825.1 GQ176826.1 GQ176827.1 GQ176828.1 GQ176829.1 GQ176830.1 GQ176831.1 
    GQ176832.1 GQ176833.1 GQ176834.1 GQ176835.1 GQ176836.1 GQ176837.1 GQ176838.1 GQ176839.1 
    GQ176840.1 GQ176841.1 GQ176842.1 GQ176843.1 GQ176844.1 GQ176845.1 GQ176846.1 GQ176847.1 
    S75313.1 U63332.1 U64820.1 U64822.1 

    19 DOTS entries:

    DT.425017  DT.443649  DT.87015142  DT.100891031  DT.456211  DT.92425329  DT.92425333  DT.100726270 
    DT.204093  DT.91732227  DT.95161774  DT.95258069  DT.95261469  DT.100009304  DT.100041932  DT.100009305 
    DT.92425330  DT.100671959  DT.75139018 

    24/117 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 117):

    BX439196 AB050194 BU153544 BU190081 BE018570 BU663113 AI292001 AA737644 
    AA905251 BU684328 NM_030660 AA768286 AA961624 BQ775895 BC022245 NM_004993 
    AA677999 AA352543 D20589 CA425099 CR602562 CD367728 AK021920 AL709144 

    highest scoring ESTs for ATXN3:

    U64820 AB050194 AL709144 BC022245 BC033711 BG434106 BG939925 BM848444 BM851671 BQ269281 

    Unigene Cluster for ATXN3:

    Ataxin 3
    Hs.532632  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_004993


    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/10 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for ATXN3 (see all 10)

    ExUns: 1 ^ 2a · 2b ^ 3a · 3b ^ 4a · 4b ^ 5a · 5b ^ 6 ^ 7 ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10a · 10b · 10c ^ 11a · 11b
    SP1:                          -           -           -     -                                                   
    SP2:                          -     -     -           -     -                                                   
    SP3:        -     -           -           -           -     -                                                   
    SP4:                    -     -           -           -     -                                                   
    SP5:                    -     -     -     -     -     -     -                                                   

    About this scheme

    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for ATXN3
    16 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000506845 ENST00000447800 ENST00000359366 ENST00000429774 ENST00000507965
    ENST00000506466 ENST00000393287 ENST00000502250 ENST00000454964 ENST00000515746
    ENST00000503767 ENST00000359819(uc001yac.3 uc010aug.2 uc001yad.3 uc010auh.2 uc001yae.3 uc010twl.1)
    ENST00000393289 ENST00000504047 ENST00000511362 ENST00000340660

    (Experimental results according to 1GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
    probe sets-to-genes annotations according to 2GeneAnnot , 3GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 228 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
    Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences )
    About This Section

    ATXN3 expression in normal and diseased human tissues

    1  / 2  / 3

    13 probe-sets matching ATXN3 gene

    Affymetrix
    probe-set
    Array  GeneAnnot data GeneNote data GeneTide data
    # genes Sensitivity Specificity Correlation Length Gb_Accession Consensus Uniqueness Score Rank
    36819_at2, 3 U95-A 1 1.00 1.00 0.77 0.52 U64820 1.00 1.00 1.00 1
    82526_at2, 3 U95-E 1 0.88 1.00 0.79 0.65 AW001014 0.60 1.00 0.82 1
    56787_at2, 3 U95-C 1 0.81 1.00 0.92 0.95 W72774 0.20 1.00 0.72 1
    60073_f_at2 U95-C 1872 0.69 0.00 0.39 1.89 -- -- -- -- --
    36820_r_at2, 3 U95-A 1 0.44 1.00 -0.21 0.22 S75313 0.80 1.00 0.91 1
    205415_s_at2, 3 U133-A 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- AI888099 0.40 1.00 0.76 1
    205416_s_at2, 3 U133-A 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- NM_004993 0.60 1.00 0.82 1
    238723_at2, 3 U133-B 1 0.91 1.00 -- -- AW083849 0.40 1.00 0.76 1
    235240_at2, 3 U133-B 1 0.82 1.00 -- -- N51479 0.20 1.00 0.72 1
    205415_s_at2 U133Plus2 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
    205416_s_at2 U133Plus2 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
    238723_at2 U133Plus2 1 0.91 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
    235240_at2 U133Plus2 1 0.82 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
    About this table

    ATXN3 for expression           About GeneDecksing

    Data from Genenote  (Publications) and GNF BioGPS
        About these images
    ATXN3 gene expression
    ATXN3 gene electronic northern expression
    ATXN3 gene sage expression
    About these images

    CGAP SAGE TAG: ATACAAGTGC

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.532632

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ATX3_HUMAN, P54252
    Tissue specificity: Ubiquitous

    Primers: OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: ATXN3
    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs 
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay for ATXN3: PPH19855A
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including ATXN3: PAHS-042A PAHS-089A 


    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD and/or 5MGI Dec 24 2010, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
    About This Section

    Orthologs for ATXN3 gene from 5/12 species (see all 12)
    Organism Gene Locus Description Human
    Similarity
    NCBI accessions
    dog
    (Canis familiaris)
    ATXN31   -- ataxin 3 93.22(n)
    95.93(a)
    480229  XM_537352.2  XP_537352.2 
    chimpanzee
    (Pan troglodytes)
    ATXN31   -- ataxin 3 98.98(n)
    98.89(a)
    738729  XM_001146850.1  XP_001146850.1 
    cow
    (Bos taurus)
    ATXN31   -- ataxin 3 90.72(n)
    91.48(a)
    790880  XM_001257248.1  XP_001257249.1 
    rat
    (Rattus norvegicus)
    Atxn31   -- ataxin 3 85.69(n)
    87.01(a)
    60331  NM_021702.1  NP_067734.1 
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)
    Atxn31 , 5 12 (51.32 cM)5
    ataxin 31, 5 88.14(n)1
    87.01(a)1
    1106161  NM_029705.21  NP_083981.11 
     AA1752285  AF5371885  (see all 16)
    About this table        Species with no ortholog for ATXN3

    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for ATXN3 (if available)

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene
    and 2Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to 3Pseudogene.org)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for ATXN3 gene
    ATXN3L2  

    ATXN3 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    (SNPs according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Resequencing Primers from Qiagen)
    About This Section

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ATX3_HUMAN, P54252
    Polymorphism: The poly-Gln region of ATXN3 is highly polymorphic (14 to 41 repeats) in the normal population and is
    expanded to about 55-82 repeats in spinocerebellar ataxia 3 (SCA3) patients
    Polymorphism: The MJD1a allele carries a single nucleotide substitution in codon 349 generating a stop codon instead of
    a Tyr. In the Japanese population, the MJD1a allele seems to be significantly associated with Gln expansion


    10/713 NCBI SNPs in ATXN3 are shown (see all 713)
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidChr 14 posSequenceRecsAA
    Chg
    TypeMoreRecsAllele
    freq
    PopTotal
    sample
    More
    ----------
    rs7099301,2
    C,F,A,92530513(+) ACCGAC/TGCATT 11 -- ut3126Minor allele frequency- T:0.31MN NS EA NA WA 1990
    rs7615511,2
    C,F,A,92547145(+) AAACTG/TCTAGC 11 -- int16Minor allele frequency- T:0.29NS WA 234
    rs7615521,2
    C,F,A,92547176(+) TGCCCG/ATCCTA 11 -- int112Minor allele frequency- A:0.32NS EA NA WA 686
    rs7615531,2
    C,F,A,92547425(+) CAACAC/GAACAA 11 -- int19Minor allele frequency- G:0.30NS NA EA WA 396
    rs8727561,2
    C,F,O,92547924(-) TCCATA/GTGGTG 11 -- int112Minor allele frequency- G:0.31NA NS EA WA 534
    rs9103691,2
    C,F,O,A,92530282(+) GCCAAC/ATTACC 11 -- ut3128Minor allele frequency- A:0.30NA MN NS EA WA 1958
    rs9782191,2
    C,F,O,92557977(+) CATTTT/AAAAAA 11 -- int13Minor allele frequency- A:0.25NA EA WA 210
    rs9782201,2
    C,F,A,H,92558135(+) ctctgT/Ggctcc 11 -- int17Minor allele frequency- G:0.38NS EA NA WA 532
    rs10477951,2
    C,F,O,92525145(-) TGTTGT/CTTGGC 11 -- ut3112Minor allele frequency- C:0.31MN NA NS EA WA 952
    rs10487551,2
    C,F,O,92548785(-) AACGAG/ATGTTA 17 /M /V mis1 ref1 int124Minor allele frequency- A:0.40EA MN NS NA WA 3204
    About this table

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for ATXN3 (up to first 250kb)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for ATXN3: --

    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing ATXN3 

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, LSDB, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section

    ATXN3 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM: 607047   disorders: 109150  

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: ATX3_HUMAN, P54252

  • Defects in ATXN3 are the cause of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) [MIM:109150]; also known as
  • Machado-Joseph disease (MJD). Spinocerebellar ataxia is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of cerebellar
    disorders. Patients show progressive incoordination of gait and often poor coordination of hands, speech and eye
    movements, due to degeneration of the cerebellum with variable involvement of the brainstem and spinal cord. SCA3
    belongs to the autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias type I (ADCA I) which are characterized by cerebellar ataxia in
    combination with additional clinical features like optic atrophy, ophthalmoplegia, bulbar and extrapyramidal signs,
    peripheral neuropathy and dementia. The molecular defect in SCA3 is the a CAG repeat expansion in ATXN3 coding region.
    Longer expansions result in earlier onset and more severe clinical manifestations of the disease

    10/25 Novoseek disease relationships for ATXN3 gene (see all 25)

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    machado-joseph disease 98.7 137 10465503 (2), 11446399 (2), 8528200 (2), 8800925 (1) (see all 84)
    spinocerebellar ataxias 90.7 20 15140190 (2), 7655453 (1), 15316156 (1), 16791428 (1) (see all 14)
    drpla 84.5 18 17650485 (2), 19235102 (2), 10453742 (2), 9613852 (2) (see all 12)
    spinocerebellar degenerations 83.7 7 17696782 (1), 17983597 (1), 12857950 (1), 12938149 (1) (see all 5)
    neurodegenerative diseases 81.9 46 14659761 (2), 12857950 (2), 8800925 (1), 8659514 (1) (see all 33)
    sca12 76 5 19235102 (2), 11914409 (1), 17420317 (1)
    sca17 76 5 17650485 (2), 19235102 (1), 17420317 (1)
    spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 75.1 4 19672991 (1), 15265035 (1), 17440947 (1)
    facial myokymia 69.4 1 9562258 (1)
    ataxias hereditary 66.5 2 18042234 (1), 17420317 (1)
    About this table

    GeneTests: ATXN3
    Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3

    Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): ATXN3
    Genetic Association Database (GAD): ATXN3
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: ATXN3 (20 documents)

    Export disorders and mutations for ATXN3 gene to outside databases

    (Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
    About This Section
      --

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or 7Novoseek)
    About This Section

    10/254 PubMed articles for ATXN3 gene, integrated from 7 sources (see all 254):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with ATXN3)
    1. Structural modeling of ataxin-3 reveals distant homology to adaptins. (PubMed id 12486728)1, 2, 7 Albrecht M....Lengauer T. (2003)
    2. Deubiquitinating function of ataxin-3: insights from the solution structure of the Josephin domain. (PubMed id 16118278)1, 2, 7 Mao Y....De Camilli P. (2005)
    3. Identification of three novel polymorphisms in the MJD1 gene and study of their frequency in the Portuguese population. (PubMed id 12166658)1, 4, 7 Costa M.d.o. .C....Maciel P. (2002)
    4. Ataxin-3 is a histone-binding protein with two independent transcriptional corepressor activities. (PubMed id 12297501)1, 2, 7 Li F.... Chakravarti D. (2002)
    5. Ataxin-3 is transported into the nucleus and associates with the nuclear matrix. (PubMed id 9580663)1, 2, 7 Tait D.... Wanker E.E. (1998)
    6. Machado-Joseph disease gene products carrying different carboxyl termini. (PubMed id 9274833)1, 2, 7 Goto J.... Kanazawa I. (1997)
    7. CAG repeats in Restless Legs syndrome. (PubMed id 16389595)1, 4 Konieczny M....Schols L. (2006)
    8. Impact of presymptomatic genetic testing for hereditary ataxia and neuromuscular disorders. (PubMed id 15210524)1, 4 Smith C.O....Bird T.D. (2004)
    9. Genetic testing in spinocerebellar ataxia in Taiwan: expansions of trinucleotide repeats in SCA8 and SCA17 are associated with typical Parkinson's disease. (PubMed id 14756671)1, 4 Wu Y.R....Lee-Chen G.J. (2004)
    10. The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)1, 2 Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  

      Query String
    PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 4287 HGNC: 7106 AceView: ATXN3 Ensembl:ENSG00000066427 euGenes: HUgn4287
    ECgene: ATXN3 Kegg: 4287 H-InvDB: ATXN3

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
      --

    (According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for ATXN3 Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
    NIEHS-SNPshttp://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/atxn3/
    GeneReviewshttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/GeneTests/lab/gene/ATXN3

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from XenneX, Inc.)
    About This Section
    Patent Information for ATXN3 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving ATXN3

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    (Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Qiagen, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Epitomics, ProSpec, Uscn,
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