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CHAD Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 48

GC17M043909

chondroadherin
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database

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(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc , and/or ⁷Ensembl, ⁸miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases & Descriptions
chondroadherin¹ ²
SLRR4A¹ ² ³
Cartilage leucine-rich protein² ³
chondroadherin proteoglycan²
OTTHUMP00000221419²

External Ids:	HGNC: 1909¹	Entrez Gene: 1101²	Ensembl: ENSG00000136457⁷	UniProtKB: O15335³

Export aliases for CHAD gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC17M048254 GC17M051023 GC17M048883 GC17M049016 GC17M045896 GC17M048541

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for CHAD:

Chondroadherin is a cartilage matrix protein thought to mediate adhesion of isolated chondrocytes. The protein contains

11 leucine-rich repeats flanked by cysteine-rich regions. The chondroadherin messenger RNA is present in chondrocytes

at all ages. (provided by RefSeq)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CHAD_HUMAN, O15335

Function: Promotes attachment of chondrocytes, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts. This binding is mediated (at least for

chondrocytes and fibroblasts) by the integrin alpha(2)beta(1). May play an important role in the regulation of

chondrocyte growth and proliferation (By similarity)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 60), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to Qiagen and/or SABiosciences)
About This Section

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the CHAD gene promoter:
         FOXO1a   COUP-TF1   HNF-4alpha2   FOXO4   FAC1   PPAR-gamma2   PPAR-gamma1   FOXO3b   FOXO3a   GR-alpha
         Other transcription factors

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for CHAD

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays for CHAD

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 17q21.33 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 17q21.33 HGNC cytogenetic band: 17q21.33

CHAD Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
CHAD gene location

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 17 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC17M043909: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	43,909,670 bp from pter
End:	43,914,045 bp from pter
Size:	4,376 bases
Orientation:	minus strand

1 alternative location:

Chr17- 48,541,857-48,546,327

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000017.10 NT_010783.15

(According to ¹UniProtKB, neXtProt, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to ²Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, and/or ProSpec,
Biochemical Assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, and/or Epitomics)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CHAD_HUMAN, O15335 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Chondroadherin precursor

Size: 359 amino acids; 40476 Da

Subunit: Mostly monomeric (By similarity). Interacts with collagen type II

Subcellular location: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix (By similarity)

Secondary accessions: A8K812 Q6GTU0 Q96RJ5

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for CHAD: NX_O15335

REFSEQ proteins: NP_001258.2

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000423812 ENSP00000425672 ENSP00000258969

Human Recombinant Proteins

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2 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	IEA	--
GO:0005578	proteinaceous extracellular matrix	TAS	--

About this table

CHAD for ontologies About GeneDecksing

Antibodies for CHAD:

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Assays for CHAD:

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	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for CHAD

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

CHAD for domains About GeneDecksing

4 InterPro domains/families:

IPR000483 Cys-rich_flank_reg_C

IPR001611 Leu-rich_rpt

IPR003591 Leu-rich_rpt_typical-subtyp

IPR000372 LRR-contain_N

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry O15335

ProtoNet protein and cluster: O15335

2 Blocks protein families:

IPB000372 Cysteine-rich flanking region

IPB000483 Cysteine-rich flanking region

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CHAD_HUMAN, O15335

Similarity: Belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP class IV subfamily

Similarity: Contains 11 LRR (leucine-rich) repeats

(According to UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas, Animal models from MGI Dec 24 2010,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Millipore, siRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Qiagen, Super-pooled esiRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, microRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, Qiagen, SABiosciences, Clones from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, Cell Lines from GenScript, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CHAD_HUMAN, O15335

Function: Promotes attachment of chondrocytes, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts. This binding is mediated (at least for

chondrocytes and fibroblasts) by the integrin alpha(2)beta(1). May play an important role in the regulation of

chondrocyte growth and proliferation (By similarity)

Inhib. RNA:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich Sigma-Aldrich esiRNA and siRNA for CHAD Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for CHAD
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector: CHAD OriGene shRNA RFP: CHAD OriGene basic RS shRNA: CHAD OriGene siRNA: CHAD
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miRNA:		Browse microRNA Mimics at Sigma-Aldrich Browse microRNA target validation systems at Sigma-Aldrich
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of CHAD
		Search SABiosciences for Assays for microRNAs that regulate CHAD

Gene
Editing:

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Clones:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore
		Browse iPSC Reprogramming Factors at Sigma-Aldrich
		OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: CHAD OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: CHAD OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): CHAD OriGene 3'-UTR clone: CHAD Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		GenScript Custom cDNA clone Services for CHAD
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Cell
Lines:

GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for CHAD

Genatlas biochemistry entry for CHAD:

chondroadherin,36kDa,expressed in chodrocytes,leucine-rich repeat (LRR) family

2 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005201	extracellular matrix structural constituent	NAS	--
GO:0005515	protein binding	IEA	--

About this table

CHAD for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, and/or ³STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

CHAD for pathways About GeneDecksing

2 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for CHAD):

	hsa04510 Focal adhesion
	hsa04512 ECM-receptor interaction

SABiosciences Custom Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays for CHAD

Search SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for CHAD

5/64 Interacting proteins for CHAD (ENSP00000258969³) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 64)

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
COL11A1	ENSP00000351163³	STRING: ENSP00000351163
COL1A1	ENSP00000225964³	STRING: ENSP00000225964
COL1A2	ENSP00000297268³	STRING: ENSP00000297268
COL3A1	ENSP00000304408³	STRING: ENSP00000304408
COL4A1	ENSP00000364973³	STRING: ENSP00000364973

About this table

2 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001502	cartilage condensation	--	--
GO:0001558	regulation of cell growth	NAS	--

About this table

CHAD for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

CHAD for compounds About GeneDecksing

Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for CHAD
2 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for CHAD gene

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
glycosaminoglycan	40.6	1	12354766 (1)
leucine	36.5	3	15332017 (1), 17093390 (1)

About this table

(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 228 Homo sapiens; Dec 8 2010) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Millipore,
siRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Qiagen, Super-pooled esiRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, microRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, Qiagen, SABiosciences,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, GenScript, Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich Sigma-Aldrich esiRNA and siRNA for CHAD Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for CHAD
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector: CHAD OriGene shRNA RFP: CHAD OriGene basic RS shRNA: CHAD OriGene siRNA: CHAD
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of CHAD

miRNA:		Browse microRNA Mimics at Sigma-Aldrich Browse microRNA target validation systems at Sigma-Aldrich
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of CHAD
		Search SABiosciences for Assays for microRNAs that regulate CHAD

Clones:		Browse FLAG tag genes at Sigma-Aldrich
		OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: CHAD OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: CHAD OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 2): CHAD OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: CHAD Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		GenScript Custom cDNA clone Services for CHAD

Primers:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: CHAD Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay for CHAD: PPH10621A

REFSEQ mRNAs for CHAD gene:

NM_001267.2

Additional cDNA sequence:

AF371328.1 AK292177.1 BC036360.1 BC073974.1

6 DOTS entries:

DT.97765516 DT.100746839 DT.121003356 DT.315196 DT.97842206 DT.91832185

24/65 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 65):

BC036360 BQ771633 CD611066 CA418441 BQ006680 CA412761 CA419191 BQ181527

CD611069 BQ183342 BF196113 CA428195 AW207201 BQ006783 BQ447070 BQ445900

BU617986 BQ183620 CD611071 BQ029011 BU617686 CN480369 BQ573868 BM988025

highest scoring ESTs for CHAD:

AF371328 BC036360 BG900053 BG900646 BG925286 BG928084 BI519995 CD611066 CD611067 CD611069

Unigene Cluster for CHAD:

Chondroadherin

Hs.97220 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: AK292177

GeneLoc Exon Structure

3 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000508540(uc010dbr.2) ENST00000506187 ENST00000258969(uc010dbs.2)

(Experimental results according to ¹GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to ²GeneAnnot , ³GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 228 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences )
About This Section

CHAD expression in normal and diseased human tissues

¹ / ² / ³

3 probe-sets matching CHAD gene

Affymetrix probe-set	Array	# genes	Sensitivity	Specificity	Correlation	Length	Gb_Accession	Consensus	Uniqueness	Score	Rank
Affymetrix probe-set	Array	GeneAnnot data			GeneNote data		GeneTide data
34042_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	0.50	1.00	1.00	1.00	U96769	0.20	1.00	0.72	1
206869_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	0.46	1.00	--	--	NM_001267	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
206869_at²	U133Plus2	1	0.46	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

About this table

CHAD for expression About GeneDecksing

Data from Genenote (Publications) and GNF BioGPS
About these images

CHAD gene electronic northern expression

About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: CTGCAATTTC

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.97220

Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for CHAD

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: CHAD_HUMAN, O15335

Tissue specificity: Present in chondrocytes at all ages

Primers:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: CHAD Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay for CHAD: PPH10621A

SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for CHAD

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD and/or ⁵MGI Dec 24 2010, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section

Orthologs for CHAD gene from 4 species

Organism	Gene	Locus	Description	Human Similarity	NCBI accessions
dog (Canis familiaris)	CHAD¹	--	chondroadherin	54.98(n) 42.07(a)	481234 XM_538355.2 XP_538355.2
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)	CHAD¹	--	chondroadherin	54.22(n) 42.21(a)	746053 XM_001152779.1 XP_001152779.1
cow (Bos taurus)	CHAD¹	--	chondroadherin	91.64(n) 96.66(a)	281069 NM_174019.2 NP_776444.1
mouse (Mus musculus)	Chad⁵	11 (58.90 cM)	chondroadherin	--	U96626

About this table Species with no ortholog for CHAD

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for CHAD (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene
and ²Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to ³Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

Paralogs for CHAD gene

NYX² CHADL² GP5² RTN4R² RTN4RL1² RTN4RL2²

CHAD for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Resequencing Primers from Qiagen)
About This Section

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing CHAD

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, LSDB, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

CHAD for disorders About GeneDecksing

OMIM: 602178

Export disorders and mutations for CHAD gene to outside databases

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
About This Section

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or ⁷Novoseek)
About This Section

10/25 PubMed articles for CHAD gene, integrated from 7 sources (see all 25):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with CHAD)

The structure and chromosome location of the human chondroadherin gene (CHAD). (PubMed id 9344663)^{1, 2, 3, 7} Grover J.... Roughley P.J. (1997)
Association of chondroadherin with collagen type II. (PubMed id 11445564)^{1, 2, 7} Maansson B.... Heinegaard D. (2001)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
Variation in chondroadherin abundance and fragmentati on in the human scoliotic disc. (PubMed id 19525844)^{1, 7} Haglund L....Roughley P. (2009)
Integrin alpha2beta1 is a receptor for the cartilage matrix protein chondroadherin. (PubMed id 9281592)^{1, 7} Camper L....Lundgren-Akerlund E. (1997)
Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)² Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. (PubMed id 12477932)¹ Strausberg R.L....Marra M.A. (2002)
Cartilage matrix proteins. A basic 36-kDa protein with a restricted distribution to cartilage and bone. (PubMed id 1939097)¹ Larsson T....Heinegard D. (1991)
Analysis of the expression of chondroadherin in mouse ocular and non-ocular tissues. (PubMed id 15332017)⁷ Tasheva E.S....Conrad G.W. (2004)
Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of human chondroadherin. (PubMed id 18540064)⁷ Pramhed A....Logan D.T. (2008)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 1101	HGNC: 1909	AceView: CHAD	Ensembl:ENSG00000136457	euGenes: HUgn1101
ECgene: CHAD	Kegg: 1101	H-InvDB: CHAD

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Intellectual Property for CHAD gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from XenneX, Inc.)

About This Section

Patent Information for CHAD gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving CHAD

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Qiagen, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Epitomics, ProSpec, Uscn,
Clones available from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences)
About This Section

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	miRNA Expression Plasmids

	QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of CHAD
	SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing CHAD
	QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays for CHAD
	QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of CHAD

	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for CHAD		GenScript Custom cDNA clones with any tag delivered in your preferred vector Services for CHAD
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CHAD Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 48

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CHAD Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 48

Aliases & Descriptionsfor CHAD gene

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Pathways & Interactionsfor CHAD gene

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