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DPP4 Gene

protein-coding   GIFtS: 71

GC02M154730
dipeptidyl-peptidase 4
(Previous names: dipeptidylpeptidase IV (CD26, adenosine deaminase complexing protein 2), adenosine deaminase complexing protein 2 )
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database
(Previous symbols: CD26, ADCP2)
Products    

Aliases &
Descriptions
for DPP4 gene

(According to 1HGNC, 2Entrez Gene,
3UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 4UniProtKB/TrEMBL, 5OMIM, 6GeneLoc , and/or 7Ensembl, 8miRBase)
About This Section
Aliases & Descriptions
dipeptidyl-peptidase 41 2     T-cell activation antigen CD262 3
Adenosine deaminase complexing protein 21 2 3     ADCP-22 3
CD262 3 5     TP1032 3
ADCP22 3 5     DPP IV2 3
dipeptidylpeptidase IV (CD26, adenosine deaminase complexing protein 2)1 2     dipeptidyl peptidase 42
DPPIV1 2     dipeptidylpeptidase 42
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV2 3     CD26 antigen3
ADABP2 3     EC 3.4.14.53

External Ids:    HGNC: 30091   Entrez Gene: 18032   Ensembl: ENSG000001976357   UniProtKB: P274873   

Export aliases for DPP4 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC02M160902 GC02M161376 GC02M162812 GC02M163051 GC02M162674 GC02M162557


Summaries
for DPP4 gene

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section
Entrez Gene summary for DPP4:
The protein encoded by this gene is identical to adenosine deaminase complexing protein-2, and to the T-cell activation
antigen CD26. It is an intrinsic membrane glycoprotein and a serine exopeptidase that cleaves X-proline dipeptides
from the N-terminus of polypeptides. (provided by RefSeq)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPP4_HUMAN, P27487
Function: Cell surface glycoprotein receptor involved in the costimulatory signal essential for T-cell receptor
(TCR)-mediated T-cell activation. Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation, by binding at least ADA, CAV1,
IGF2R, and PTPRC. Its binding to CAV1 and CARD11 induces T-cell proliferation and NF-kappa-B activation in a T-cell
receptor/CD3-dependent manner. Its interaction with ADA also regulates lymphocyte-epithelial cell adhesion. In
association with FAP is involved in the pericellular proteolysis of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the migration and
invasion of endothelial cells into the ECM. May be involved in the promotion of lymphatic endothelial cells adhesion,
migration and tube formation. When overexpressed, enhanced cell proliferation, a process inhibited by GPC3. Acts also
as a serine exopeptidase with a dipeptidyl peptidase activity that regulates various physiological processes by
cleaving peptides in the circulation, including many chemokines, mitogenic growth factors, neuropeptides and peptide
hormones. Removes N-terminal dipeptides sequentially from polypeptides having unsubstituted N-termini provided that
the penultimate residue is proline

summary for DPP4:
Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP-IV) (also known as CD26) is a ubiquitous, membrane-bound enzyme that has roles
in nutrition, metabolism, the immune and endocrine systems, bone marrow mobilization, cancer growth and cell
adhesion. DDP-IV catalyzes the hydrolysis of N-terminal dipeptides from polypeptides with proline or alanine
in the penultimate position. This enzyme has many natural substrates including GLP-1, GIP, PACAP 38, NPY and
GRP. DPP-IV exists as a homodimer and each monomer consists of two domains; an alpha/beta hydrolase domain
and an eight-blade beta-propeller domain. DDP-IV binds to, but does not cleave, adenosine deaminase, kidney
Na+/H+ ion exchanger and fibronectin, which localizes these molecules to the cell surface. A soluble form of
DDP-IV does also exist, although it is only known to function in relation to T-cell proliferation. The human
gene encoding DPP-IV is localized to chromosome 2q24.2.

Gene Wiki entry for DPP4 (Dipeptidyl peptidase-4)

Genomic Views
for DPP4 gene

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 60), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to Qiagen and/or SABiosciences)
About This Section
Regulatory elements:
   SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the DPP4 gene promoter:
         NF-kappaB1   ATF   HNF-1A   oct-B2   POU2F2C   POU2F2B   POU2F2   POU2F2 (Oct-2.1)   POU2F1   oct-B3   
         Other transcription factors

   Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for DPP4

Epigenetics:
QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays for DPP4 


Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 2q24.3   Ensembl cytogenetic band:  2q24.2   HGNC cytogenetic band: 2q23-qter

DPP4 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
DPP4 gene location

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 2         GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC02M154730:  view genomic region     (about GC identifiers)

Start:
 154,730,637 bp from pter
End:
 154,813,409 bp from pter
Size:
 82,773 bases
Orientation:
 minus strand

1 alternative location:
Chr2- 162,848,751-162,931,052     
RefSeq DNA sequence:
NC_000002.11  NT_005403.17  

Proteins
for DPP4 gene

(According to 1UniProtKB, neXtProt, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to 2Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, and/or ProSpec,
Biochemical Assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, and/or Epitomics)
About This Section
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPP4_HUMAN, P27487 (See protein sequence)
Recommended Name: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4  
Size: 766 amino acids; 88279 Da
Subunit: Monomer. Homodimer or heterodimer with Seprase (FAP). Requires homodimerization for optimal dipeptidyl
peptidase activity and T-cell costimulation. Found in a membrane raft complex, at least composed of BCL10, CARD11,
DPP4 and IKBKB. Associates with collagen. Interacts with PTPRC; the interaction is enhanced in a
interleukin-12-dependent manner in activated lymphocytes. Interacts (extracellular domain) with ADA; does not inhibit
its dipeptidyl peptidase activity. Interacts with CAV1 (via the N-terminus); the interaction is direct. Interacts (via
cytoplasmic tail) with CARD11 (via PDZ domain); its homodimerization is necessary for interaction with CARD11.
Interacts with IGF2R; the interaction is direct. Interacts with GPC3
Subcellular location: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 soluble form: Secreted. Note=Detected in the serum and the seminal fluid
Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Apical cell membrane; Single-pass type II
membrane protein. Cell projection, invadopodium membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Cell projection,
lamellipodium membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Cell junction. Membrane raft. Note=Translocated to the
apical membrane through the concerted action of N- and O-Glycans and its association with lipid microdomains
containing cholesterol and sphingolipids. Redistributed to membrane rafts in T-cell in a interleukin-12-dependent
activation. Its interaction with CAV1 is necessary for its translocation to membrane rafts. Colocalized with PTPRC in
membrane rafts. Colocalized with FAP in invadopodia and lamellipodia of migratory activated endothelial cells in
collagenous matrix. Colocalized with FAP on endothelial cells of capillary-like microvessels but not large vessels
within invasive breast ductal carcinoma. Colocalized with ADA at the cell junction in lymphocyte-epithelial cell
adhesion. Colocalized with IGF2R in internalized cytoplasmic vesicles adjacent to the cell surface
Miscellaneous: Level of plasma concentrations of the soluble form (SDPP) can be managed as a colon carcinoma diagnostic
and prognostic marker
PDB structures from and Proteopedia :
1J2E (3D)    1N1M (3D)    1NU6 (3D)    1NU8 (3D)    1PFQ (3D)    1R9M (3D)    1R9N (3D)    1RWQ (3D)    
1TK3 (3D)    1TKR (3D)    1U8E (3D)    1W1I (3D)    1WCY (3D)    1X70 (3D)    2AJL (3D)    2BGN (3D)    
2BGR (3D)    2BUB (3D)    2FJP (3D)    2G5P (3D)    2G5T (3D)    2G63 (3D)    2HHA (3D)    2I03 (3D)    
2I78 (3D)    2IIT (3D)    2IIV (3D)    2JID (3D)    2OAG (3D)    2OGZ (3D)    2OLE (3D)    2ONC (3D)    
2OPH (3D)    2OQI (3D)    2OQV (3D)    2P8S (3D)    2QJR (3D)    2QKY (3D)    2QOE (3D)    2QT9 (3D)    
2QTB (3D)    2RGU (3D)    2RIP (3D)    3BJM (3D)    3C43 (3D)    3C45 (3D)    3CCB (3D)    3CCC (3D)    
3D4L (3D)    3EIO (3D)    3F8S (3D)    3G0B (3D)    3G0C (3D)    3G0D (3D)    3G0G (3D)    3H0C (3D)    
3HAB (3D)    3HAC (3D)    3KWF (3D)    3KWJ (3D)    3NOX (3D)    3OC0 (3D)    
Secondary accessions: Q53TN1

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for DPP4: NX_P27487 

Post-translational modifications:

  • The soluble form (Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 soluble form also named SDPP) derives from the membrane form (Dipeptidyl
    • peptidase 4 membrane form also named MDPP) by proteolytic processing1
  • N- and O-Glycosylated1
  • Phosphorylated. Mannose 6-phosphate residues in the carbohydrate moiety are necessary for interaction with IGF2R in
    • activated T-cells. Mannose 6-phosphorylation is induced during T-cell activation1
  • View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite2


    • REFSEQ proteins: NP_001926.2  

    ENSEMBL proteins: 
    ENSP00000402259 ENSP00000401359 ENSP00000410264 ENSP00000353731 


    Human Recombinant Proteins 
    Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant DPP4 Protein
    Sigma-Aldrich Proteins for DPP4
    R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for DPP4 (DPPIV/CD26)
    Enzo Life Sciences proteins for DPP4
    OriGene Purified Protein: DPP4
    OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: DPP4
    GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for DPP4 
    Novus Biologicals Proteins for DPP4
    Novus Biologicals Lysates for DPP4
    Sino Biological Recombinant Protein for DPP4
    ProSpec Recombinant Protein for DPP4

    5/17 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 17):

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0005576 extracellular region IEA--
    GO:0005624 membrane fraction IEA--
    GO:0005625 soluble fraction IEA--
    GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum IEA--
    GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus IEA--
    About this table

    DPP4 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Antibodies for DPP4: 
    Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of DPP4
    Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for DPP4
    R&D Systems Antibodies for DPP4 (DPPIV/CD26)
    OriGene Antibodies (see all 2): DPP4
    GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for DPP4 
    Novus Biologicals Antibodies for DPP4
    Browse antibodies at Epitomics

    Assays for DPP4: 
    Millipore Kits and Assays for the Analysis of DPP4
    Browse ELISAs at Sigma-Aldrich
    OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development 
    Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits 
    R&D Systems ELISAs for DPP4 (DPPIV/CD26)
    GenScript DPP4-Activity-based Protease Assay for Compound Screening 
    Enzo Life Sciences assays for DPP4
    Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for DPP4 

    Protein Domains/
    Families
    for DPP4 gene

    (According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
    About This Section
    DPP4 for domains           About GeneDecksing

    3 InterPro domains/families:
     IPR001375 Peptidase_S9
     IPR002471 Pept_S9_AS
     IPR002469 Peptidase_S9B

    Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P27487

    ProtoNet protein and cluster: P27487

    2 Blocks protein families:
    IPB002469 Dipeptidylpeptidase IV (CD26)
    IPB002471 Prolyl endopeptidase


    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPP4_HUMAN, P27487
    Domain: The extracellular cysteine-rich region is necessary for association with collagen, dimer formation and optimal
    dipeptidyl peptidase activity
    Similarity: Belongs to the peptidase S9B family. DPPIV subfamily


    Gene Function
    for DPP4 gene

    (According to UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas, Animal models from MGI Dec 24 2010,
    shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Millipore, siRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Qiagen, Super-pooled esiRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, microRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, Qiagen, SABiosciences, Clones from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, Cell Lines from GenScript, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 via Entrez Gene.)
    About This Section

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPP4_HUMAN, P27487
    Function: Cell surface glycoprotein receptor involved in the costimulatory signal essential for T-cell receptor
    (TCR)-mediated T-cell activation. Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation, by binding at least ADA, CAV1,
    IGF2R, and PTPRC. Its binding to CAV1 and CARD11 induces T-cell proliferation and NF-kappa-B activation in a T-cell
    receptor/CD3-dependent manner. Its interaction with ADA also regulates lymphocyte-epithelial cell adhesion. In
    association with FAP is involved in the pericellular proteolysis of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the migration and
    invasion of endothelial cells into the ECM. May be involved in the promotion of lymphatic endothelial cells adhesion,
    migration and tube formation. When overexpressed, enhanced cell proliferation, a process inhibited by GPC3. Acts also
    as a serine exopeptidase with a dipeptidyl peptidase activity that regulates various physiological processes by
    cleaving peptides in the circulation, including many chemokines, mitogenic growth factors, neuropeptides and peptide
    hormones. Removes N-terminal dipeptides sequentially from polypeptides having unsubstituted N-termini provided that
    the penultimate residue is proline
    Catalytic activity: Release of an N-terminal dipeptide, Xaa-Yaa- -Zaa-, from a polypeptide, preferentially when Yaa is
    Pro, provided Zaa is neither Pro nor hydroxyproline
    Enzyme regulation: Inhibited by GPC3 and diprotin A
    Induction: Up-regulated by IL12/interleukin-12 on activated T-cells. IL12-activated cells expressed enhanced levels of
    DPP4 but not mRNAs. Down-regulated by TNF. Up-regulated in migratory endothelial cells and in the invasive endothelial
    cells in tumors
    Enzyme Number (IUBMB): EC 3.4.14.5 

    Inhib.
    RNA:            		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
    Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich
    Sigma-Aldrich siRNA Panels and esiRNA and siRNA for DPP4
    Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for DPP4
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector: DPP4
    OriGene shRNA RFP: DPP4
    OriGene basic RS shRNA: DPP4
    OriGene siRNA: DPP4
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of DPP4 
    miRNA:Sigma-Aldrich microRNA Mimics for DPP4
    Browse microRNA target validation systems at Sigma-Aldrich 
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of DPP4 
    1 SABiosciences Assays for microRNA that regulate DPP4:
    hsa-miR-448

    Gene
    Editing:    		Browse CompoZr Knockout ZFN at Sigma-Aldrich 

    Clones:Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore
    Browse iPSC Reprogramming Factors at Sigma-Aldrich
    OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: DPP4
    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: DPP4
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: DPP4
    OriGene 3'-UTR clone: DPP4 
    Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids 
    GenScript cDNA clone with any tag delivered in your preferred vector: DPP4 
    Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for DPP4

    Cell
    Lines:          		GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for DPP4 

    Genatlas biochemistry entry for DPP4:
    peptidase,dipeptidyl IV (intestinal),regulated by hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha

    5/12 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 12):

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0002020 protease binding IPI16651416
    GO:0004177 aminopeptidase activity IEA--
    GO:0004252 serine-type endopeptidase activity IEA--
    GO:0004872 receptor activity IEA--
    GO:0005102 receptor binding IPI10900005
    About this table

    DPP4 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing

    Animal Models: 3 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 1 allele) (MGI details for Dpp4):

    endocrine/exocrine glandgrowth/sizehomeostasis/metabolism

    DPP4 for phenotypes           About GeneDecksing


    Pathways & Interactions
    for DPP4 gene

    (Pathways according to Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Interactions according to 1UniProtKB, 2MINT, and/or 3STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 via Entrez Gene).
    About This Section


    DPP4 for pathways           About GeneDecksing

    1 Millipore Pathway for DPP4
        Selected targets of HNF1

    1 Kegg Pathway  (Kegg details for DPP4):
        hsa04974 Protein digestion and absorption

        SABiosciences Pathway-Focused PCR Array including DPP4: PAHS-055A 

        SABiosciences Gene Network CentralTM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for DPP4

    5/9 Interacting proteins for DPP4 (ENSP000003537313 P274872) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING (see all 9)
    InteractantInteraction Details
    GeneCardExternal ID(s)
    CXCL12P480612STRING: ENSP00000363548 MINT-6491448 MINT-6491442
    CCL11P516712STRING: ENSP00000302234 MINT-6491527
    CXCL10P027782STRING: ENSP00000305651 MINT-6491454
    CXCL11O146252STRING: ENSP00000306884 MINT-6491460
    CXCL9Q073252STRING: ENSP00000354901 MINT-6491519
    About this table

    5/11 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 11):

    GO IDQualified GO termEvidencePubMed IDs
    GO:0001666 response to hypoxia IDA16670267
    GO:0002709 regulation of T cell mediated immunity IEA--
    GO:0006508 proteolysis IEA--
    GO:0007155 cell adhesion IEA--
    GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell proliferation IDA17549790
    About this table

    DPP4 for ontologies           About GeneDecksing



    Drugs & Compounds
    for DPP4 gene

    (Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
    About This Section

    DPP4 for compounds           About GeneDecksing

    Sigma-Aldrich Small Molecules for DPP4:
    Small Molecule - Inhibitor
    Enzo Life Sciences drugs & compounds for DPP4

    Compounds for DPP4 available from Tocris Bioscience
    CompoundAction CAS number
    K 579Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor[440100-64-1]
    NVP DPP 728 dihydrochloride Potent, orally active DPP-IV inhibitor [247016-69-9]
    DPPI 1c hydrochlorideDipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor[866396-34-1]
    About this table


    10/81 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for DPP4 gene (see all 81)
    Compound   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    vildagliptin 96.9 109 15907807 (4), 17456545 (4), 17559747 (2), 17486328 (2) (see all 69)
    sitagliptin 96.5 123 16338283 (4), 18174966 (3), 16855072 (3), 17315049 (3) (see all 78)
    incretin 95.9 198 12517256 (3), 16939389 (3), 18979908 (3), 19780719 (3) (see all 99)
    saxagliptin 92.2 25 19051153 (4), 20460554 (2), 19444391 (2), 16364232 (2) (see all 17)
    exenatide 91.1 44 19421968 (2), 18363534 (1), 16724926 (1), 17566392 (1) (see all 30)
    liraglutide 89.7 22 17566392 (1), 19170358 (1), 19330494 (1), 20298625 (1) (see all 16)
    metformin 84.3 43 15842525 (5), 17559747 (2), 17300594 (2), 16043735 (1) (see all 28)
    pro-boropro 79.6 4 7918465 (1), 7892748 (1), 8103356 (1)
    (2r)-4-oxo-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-7(8h)-yl]-1-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butan-2-amine 73.3 4 15634008 (2), 16338283 (1)
    pramlintide 71.3 5 16215105 (1), 17983555 (1), 16627399 (1), 18035865 (1) (see all 5)
    About this table



    Transcripts
    for DPP4 gene

    (GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
    Unigene (Build 228 Homo sapiens; Dec 8 2010) or GenBank,
    RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
    DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
    non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
    ESTs according to GeneTide,
    exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
    RNAi Products from Millipore,
    siRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Qiagen, Super-pooled esiRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich,
    shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, microRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, Qiagen, SABiosciences,
    Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, GenScript, Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences)
    About This Section
    Inhib.
    RNA:             		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
    Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich
    Sigma-Aldrich siRNA Panels and esiRNA and siRNA for DPP4
    Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for DPP4
    OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector: DPP4
    OriGene shRNA RFP: DPP4
    OriGene basic RS shRNA: DPP4
    OriGene siRNA: DPP4
    QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of DPP4 
    miRNA: Sigma-Aldrich microRNA Mimics for DPP4
    Browse microRNA target validation systems at Sigma-Aldrich 
    QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of DPP4 
    1 SABiosciences Assays for microRNA that regulate DPP4:
    hsa-miR-448
    Clones: Browse FLAG tag genes at Sigma-Aldrich
    OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: DPP4
    OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: DPP4
    OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector: DPP4
    OriGene 3'-UTR Clone: DPP4 
    Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids 
    GenScript cDNA clone with any tag delivered in your preferred vector: DPP4 
    Primers: OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: DPP4
    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs 
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay for DPP4: PPH00035A

    REFSEQ mRNAs for DPP4 gene: 

    NM_001935.3  

    Additional cDNA sequence: 

    AB451339.1 AB451488.1 AK314798.1 AY429531.1 AY429532.1 AY429533.1 BC013329.2 BC065265.1 
    CR612763.1 CR618494.1 M74777.1 M80536.1 X60708.1 

    11 DOTS entries:

    DT.91801581  DT.95158537  DT.100790607  DT.91744488  DT.121006132  DT.121006110  DT.429422  DT.75167565 
    DT.100689591  DT.121006125  DT.91744489 

    24/277 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 277):

    NM_001935 AA031955 AI498672 BM768944 BC065265 BP334755 AI768728 CA975959 
    AA156117 AW452150 BX381370 CR618494 BP343342 BX481638 CR612763 CA446944 
    AW299669 AA931228 AI091652 BQ427580 AA613759 AI962839 AL708620 AI273039 

    highest scoring ESTs for DPP4:

    X60708 AL708575 AL708589 AL712620 AU099438 BC065265 BF673268 BG399222 BG573012 BQ427580 

    Unigene Cluster for DPP4:

    Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4
    Hs.368912  [show with all ESTs]
    Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001935


    GeneLoc Exon Structure

    5/12 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for DPP4 (see all 12)

    ExUns: 1 ^ 2a · 2b · 2c ^ 3 ^ 4a · 4b ^ 5 ^ 6 ^ 7a · 7b ^ 8 ^ 9 ^ 10a · 10b ^ 11a · 11b ^ 12a · 12b ^ 13 ^ 14a · 14b ^ 15 ^ 16 ^ 17 ^ 18 ^
    SP1:                                            -           -     -                                                     -                       -               
    SP2:                                                        -     -                                                     -                                       
    SP3:        -                                   -           -     -                                                                                             
    SP4:                                            -           -     -                                                                                             
    SP5:                                                                                                                                                            

    ExUns: 19 ^ 20 ^ 21 ^ 22 ^ 23a · 23b ^ 24 ^ 25 ^ 26 ^ 27 ^ 28 ^ 29 ^ 30 ^ 31
    SP1:              -                                                                     
    SP2:                                                                                    
    SP3:                                                                                    
    SP4:                                                                                    
    SP5:                                                                                    

    About this scheme

    ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for DPP4
    11 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:
    ENST00000434918 ENST00000416189 ENST00000413651 ENST00000478338 ENST00000468903
    ENST00000494507 ENST00000461836 ENST00000360534(uc002ubz.2 uc010fpb.2)
    ENST00000497461(uc002uca.1 uc002ucb.1) ENST00000490286 ENST00000491591


    Expression
    for DPP4 gene

    (Experimental results according to 1GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
    probe sets-to-genes annotations according to 2GeneAnnot , 3GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 228 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
    Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences )
    About This Section

    DPP4 expression in normal and diseased human tissues

    1  / 2  / 3

    7 probe-sets matching DPP4 gene

    Affymetrix
    probe-set    		 Array  GeneAnnot data GeneNote data GeneTide data
    # genes Sensitivity Specificity Correlation Length Gb_Accession Consensus Uniqueness Score Rank
    34823_at2, 3 U95-A 1 0.56 1.00 1.00 1.00 X60708 1.00 1.00 1.00 1
    203716_s_at2, 3 U133-A 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- M80536 0.60 1.00 0.82 1
    211478_s_at2, 3 U133-A 1 0.73 1.00 -- -- M74777 0.80 1.00 0.91 1
    203717_at2, 3 U133-A 1 0.64 1.00 -- -- NM_001935 0.60 1.00 0.82 1
    203716_s_at2 U133Plus2 1 1.00 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
    211478_s_at2 U133Plus2 1 0.73 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
    203717_at2 U133Plus2 1 0.64 1.00 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
    About this table

    DPP4 for expression           About GeneDecksing

    Data from Genenote  (Publications) and GNF BioGPS
        About these images
    DPP4 gene expression
    DPP4 gene electronic northern expression
    DPP4 gene sage expression
    About these images

    CGAP SAGE TAG: GCTGGGAACC

    SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.368912

    Expression variation in blood from EXPOLDB for DPP4

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPP4_HUMAN, P27487
    Tissue specificity: Expressed specifically in lymphatic vessels but not in blood vessels in the skin, small intestine,
    esophagus, ovary, breast and prostate glands. Not detected in lymphatic vessels in the lung, kidney, uterus, liver and
    stomach (at protein level). Expressed in the poorly differentiated crypt cells of the small intestine as well as in
    the mature villous cells. Expressed at very low levels in the colon

    Primers: OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: DPP4
    Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs 
    SABiosciences RT2 qPCR Primer Assay for DPP4: PPH00035A
        SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Array including DPP4: PAHS-055A 


    Orthologs
    for DPP4 gene

    (Orthologs according to 1,2HomoloGene (2older version, for species not in 1newer version), 3euGenes, 4SGD and/or 5MGI Dec 24 2010, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
    About This Section
    Orthologs for DPP4 gene from 5/18 species (see all 18)
    Organism Gene Locus Description Human
    Similarity    		 NCBI accessions
    dog
    (Canis familiaris)    		 DPP41   -- dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 90.21(n)
    88.66(a)    		 478767  XM_535933.2  XP_535933.2 
    chimpanzee
    (Pan troglodytes)    		 DPP41   -- dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 99.61(n)
    99.61(a)    		 459689  XM_515858.2  XP_515858.2 
    cow
    (Bos taurus)    		 DPP41   -- dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 90.05(n)
    88.87(a)    		 281122  NM_174039.2  NP_776464.1 
    rat
    (Rattus norvegicus)    		 Dpp41   -- dipeptidylpeptidase 4 85.71(n)
    85.19(a)    		 25253  NM_012789.1  NP_036921.1 
    mouse
    (Mus musculus)    		 Dpp41 , 5 2 (35.85 cM)5
    		 dipeptidylpeptidase 41, 5 86.65(n)1
    85.24(a)1    		 134821  NM_010074.21  NP_034204.11 
     AK0404095  AK0853705  (see all 35)
    About this table        Species with no ortholog for DPP4

    ENSEMBL Gene Tree for DPP4 (if available)

    Paralogs
    for DPP4 gene

    (Paralogs according to 1HomoloGene
    and 2Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to 3Pseudogene.org)
    About This Section
    Paralogs for DPP4 gene
    DPP82  FAP2  DPP102  DPP62  DPP92  

    DPP4 for paralogs           About GeneDecksing



    Genomic Variants
    for DPP4 gene

    (SNPs according to the 1NCBI SNP Database, 2Ensembl, 3PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Resequencing Primers from Qiagen)
    About This Section

    10/706 NCBI SNPs in DPP4 are shown (see all 706)
    Genomic DataTranscription Related DataAllele Frequencies
    SNP IDValidChr 2 posSequenceRecsAA
    Chg    		TypeMoreRecsAllele
    freq    		PopTotal
    sample    		More
    ----------
    rs138211,2
    		F162849547(-) TTTCTG/TCATCA 1 -- ut31 ese31Minor allele frequency- T:0.01MN 184
    rs175741,2
    		C,F,162929979(-) GTTCTT/CCTGGG 2 /L syn1 ref19Minor allele frequency- C:0.30MN NA EA WA 506
    rs7272041,2
    		--162882283(+) CTCTCA/GAGTGT 1 -- int10--------
    rs7381071,2
    		H162883110(+) ACCTCC/TTTCTC 1 -- int1 trp37Minor allele frequency- T:0.00NA MN NS EA 694
    rs7415291,2
    		C,F,O,162919489(+) ataggG/Aaagta 1 -- int18Minor allele frequency- A:0.11MN NS EA NA WA 726
    rs7597171,2
    		C,F,O,A,162858323(+) TTGCAG/CAAAAG 1 -- int124Minor allele frequency- C:0.12EA NA NS WA 1630
    rs8738261,2
    		C,F,A,162918071(+) TAAACG/ATATTC 1 -- int120Minor allele frequency- A:0.33NS EA NA 1290
    rs9567911,2
    		--162913044(-) gtttaA/Gatttc 1 -- int10--------
    rs9567921,2
    		C162912890(-) TTTCAA/GATTGT 1 -- int10--------
    rs10144441,2
    		C,F,O,A,162868858(+) AATGCG/AGCTTT 1 -- int123Minor allele frequency- A:0.34MN NS EA NA WA 3238
    About this table

    HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for DPP4 (up to first 250kb)
    Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
          Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for DPP4: --

    QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing DPP4 

    Disorders & Mutations
    for DPP4 gene

    (in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, LSDB, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
    About This Section
    DPP4 for disorders           About GeneDecksing

    OMIM: 102720

    10/95 Novoseek disease relationships for DPP4 gene (see all 95)

    Disease   -log (P-Val)   Hits   PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
    hypoglycemia 80.1 18 18641927 (1), 19444259 (1), 19820277 (1), 19170358 (1) (see all 17)
    niddm 75.3 69 18019673 (3), 18425967 (2), 16503716 (2), 17190843 (2) (see all 55)
    hyperglycemia 57.2 11 15864535 (3), 16939389 (1), 17160910 (1), 18035865 (1) (see all 8)
    sezary syndrome 49.5 2 11392886 (1), 16197392 (1)
    insulin resistance 47.5 4 19333209 (1), 12524666 (1), 15934925 (1)
    nasopharyngitis 42.7 1 17622601 (1)
    goiter adenomatous 38.3 1 7591305 (1)
    hyperinsulinemia 36.6 6 18319497 (1), 18812476 (1), 15770466 (1), 19128990 (1)
    impaired glucose tolerance 35.1 6 12808880 (2), 9792533 (1), 15330741 (1), 12524666 (1)
    colon adenocarcinoma 31.7 4 1968064 (1), 7903248 (1), 11772392 (1)
    About this table

    Genetic Association Database (GAD): DPP4
    Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: DPP4 (6 documents)

    Export disorders and mutations for DPP4 gene to outside databases

    Medical News
    for DPP4 gene

    (Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Publications
    for DPP4 gene

    (in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via 1Entrez Gene, 2UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, 3HGNC, 4GAD, 5PharmGKB, 6UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or 7Novoseek)
    About This Section

    10/1041 PubMed articles for DPP4 gene, integrated from 7 sources (see all 1041):
    (articles sorted by number of sources associating them with DPP4)
    1. Direct association of adenosine deaminase with a T cell activation antigen, CD26. (PubMed id 8101391)1, 2, 3, 7 Kameoka J.... Morimoto C. (1993)
    2. Internalization of CD26 by mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II receptor contributes to T cell activation. (PubMed id 10900005)1, 2, 7 Ikushima H....Morimoto C. (2000)
    3. N-linked glycosylation of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (CD26): effects on enzyme activity, homodimer formation, and adenosine deaminase binding. (PubMed id 14691230)1, 2, 7 Aertgeerts K.... Swanson R.V. (2004)
    4. Caveolin-1 triggers T-cell activation via CD26 in association with CARMA1. (PubMed id 17287217)1, 2, 7 Ohnuma K....Morimoto C. (2007)
    5. A marker for neoplastic progression of human melanocytes is a cell surface ectopeptidase. (PubMed id 8096237)1, 2, 7 Morrison M.E....Houghton A.N. (1993)
    6. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (CD 26) gene expression in enterocyte-like colon cancer cell lines HT-29 and Caco-2. Cloning of the complete human coding sequence and changes of dipeptidyl peptidase IV mRNA levels during cell differentiation. (PubMed id 1347043)1, 2, 7 Darmoul D....Barbat A. (1992)
    7. Regulation of epithelial and lymphocyte cell adhesion by adenosine deaminase-CD26 interaction. (PubMed id 11772392)1, 2, 7 Gines S....Franco R. (2002)
    8. The protease complex consisting of dipeptidyl peptidase IV and seprase plays a role in the migration and invasion of human endothelial cells in collagenous matrices. (PubMed id 16651416)1, 2, 7 Ghersi G....Chen W.T. (2006)
    9. Intestinal dipeptidyl peptidase IV is efficiently sorted to the apical membrane through the concerted action of N- and O-glycans as well as association with lipid microdomains. (PubMed id 11773049)1, 2, 7 Alfalah M.... Naim H.Y. (2002)
    10. Expression of sucrase-isomaltase and dipeptidylpeptidase IV in human small intestine and colon. (PubMed id 1677636)1, 2, 7 Gorvel J.P....Maroux S. (1991)

    External Searches for DPP4 gene

    (in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
    About This Section
     ANDOR
    Aliases
    Disorders
    Free Text  
      Query String
    		PubMed
    OMIM
    NCBI Bookshelf
      (Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

    Genome Databases showing DPP4 gene

    (According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
    About This Section
    Entrez Gene: 1803 HGNC: 3009 AceView: DPP4 Ensembl:ENSG00000197635 euGenes: HUgn1803
    ECgene: DPP4 Kegg: 1803 H-InvDB: DPP4

    Other Databases showing DPP4 gene

    (According to HUGE)
    About This Section
    		   --

    Specialized Databases showing DPP4 gene

    (According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
    Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
    About This Section
    NameDescription
    ATLAS Chromosomes in Cancer entry for DPP4 Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
    Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipeptidyl_peptidase-4

    Intellectual Property
    for DPP4 gene

    (Patent information from GeneIP,
    Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts,
    IP news from XenneX, Inc.)
    About This Section
    		Patent Information for DPP4 gene:
    Search GeneIP for patents involving DPP4

    GeneCards and IP:
    Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards     Improving the IP Search



    Products
    for DPP4 gene

    (Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Qiagen, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Epitomics, ProSpec, Uscn,
    Clones available from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences)
    About This Section

     Millipore Custom Antibody & Bulk Services
     Millipore Preclinical / Clinical Development Services
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     SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing DPP4
     QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays for DPP4
     QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of DPP4
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     Regulatory tfbs in DPP4 promoter
     Search Chromatin IP Primers for DPP4
     RT2 qPCR Primer Assay for DPP4
     GNC Network for DPP4
     Assays for microRNAs that regulate DPP4
     SABiosciences PCR Arrays including DPP4
     Tocris compounds for DPP4
     Proteins and Antibodies for DPP4
     cDNA Clones for DPP4
     Antibodies/Proteins Production Services
     Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody Platform
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     Search www.enzolifesciences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies
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     Proteins for DPP4
     Lysates for DPP4
     Browse antibodies at Epitomics
     Recombinant Protein for DPP4

     ELISAs and CLIAs for DPP4
           

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