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GFM2 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 51

GC05M069221

G elongation factor, mitochondrial 2
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database

		Products

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc , and/or ⁷Ensembl, ⁸miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases & Descriptions
G elongation factor, mitochondrial 2¹ ²		RRF2²
EFG2¹ ² ³ ⁵		OTTHUMP00000222951²
Elongation factor G 2, mitochondrial² ³		ribosome-releasing factor 2, mitochondrial²
RRF2mt² ³		MSTP027²
mEF-G 2² ³		mitochondrial ribosome recycling factor 2²
hEFG2² ³		mitochondrial elongation factor G2²
EF-G2mt² ³		MRRF2²
FLJ21661¹		MST027²
OTTHUMP00000222952²		Elongation factor G2³

External Ids:	HGNC: 29682¹	Entrez Gene: 84340²	Ensembl: ENSG00000164347⁷	UniProtKB: Q969S9³

Export aliases for GFM2 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifer: GC05M074052

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for GFM2:

Eukaryotes contain two protein translational systems, one in the cytoplasm and one in the mitochondria. Mitochondrial

translation is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial function and mutations in this system lead to a breakdown in the

respiratory chain-oxidative phosphorylation system and to impaired maintenance of mitochondrial DNA. This gene encodes

one of mitochondrial translation elongation factors. Its role in the regulation of normal mitochondrial function and

in different disease states attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction is not known. Alternative splicing results in at

least three transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. (provided by RefSeq)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RRF2M_HUMAN, Q969S9

Function: Mitochondrial GTPase that mediates the disassembly of ribosomes from messenger RNA at the termination of

mitochondrial protein biosynthesis. Acts in collaboration with MRRF. GTP hydrolysis follows the ribosome disassembly

and probably occurs on the ribosome large subunit. Not involved in protein elongation and does not promote the

GTP-dependent translocation of the nascent protein chain from the A-site to the P-site of the ribosome

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 60), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to Qiagen and/or SABiosciences)
About This Section

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the GFM2 gene promoter:
         PPAR-gamma2   PPAR-gamma1   XBP-1   NF-kappaB2   NF-kappaB   NF-kappaB1   HNF-4alpha2   E4BP4   COUP-TF1   LCR-F1
         Other transcription factors

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for GFM2

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays for GFM2

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 5q13 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 5q13.3 HGNC cytogenetic band: 5q13

GFM2 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
GFM2 gene location

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 5 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC05M069221: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	69,221,972 bp from pter
End:	69,268,020 bp from pter
Size:	46,049 bases
Orientation:	minus strand

1 alternative location:

Chr5- 74,017,029-74,063,196

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000005.9 NT_006713.15

(According to ¹UniProtKB, neXtProt, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to ²Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, and/or ProSpec,
Biochemical Assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, and/or Epitomics)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RRF2M_HUMAN, Q969S9 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Ribosome-releasing factor 2, mitochondrial precursor

Size: 779 amino acids; 86601 Da

Subcellular location: Mitochondrion (By similarity)

Secondary accessions: A0AR28 Q8N6D8 Q8WYI0 Q9H6Z1

Alternative splicing: 5 isoforms: Q969S9-1 Q969S9-2 Q969S9-3 Q969S9-4 Q969S9-5

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for GFM2: NX_Q969S9

Post-translational modifications:

View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite²

REFSEQ proteins (3 alternative transcripts):

NP_115756.2 NP_733781.1 NP_733792.1

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000405808 ENSP00000421717 ENSP00000296805 ENSP00000296804 ENSP00000424877 ENSP00000427004

Human Recombinant Proteins

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
	Browse Human Recombinant Proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: GFM2
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for GFM2
	Novus Biologicals Proteins for GFM2
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins

1 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component term (GO ID links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005739	mitochondrion	IEA	--

About this table

GFM2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

Antibodies for GFM2:

	Browse Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
	Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for GFM2
	Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
	Browse OriGene Antibodies
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for GFM2
	Browse antibodies at Epitomics

Assays for GFM2:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
	Browse ELISAs at Sigma-Aldrich
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for GFM2
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for GFM2

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

GFM2 for domains About GeneDecksing

5/9 InterPro domains/families (see all 9):

IPR000795 ProtSyn_GTP-bd

IPR005517 Transl_elong_EFG/EF2_IV

IPR005225 Small_GTP-bd

IPR004161 Transl_elong_EFTu/EF1A_2

IPR020568 Ribosomal_S5_D2-typ_fold

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry Q969S9

ProtoNet protein and cluster: Q969S9

2 Blocks protein families:

IPB000640 Elongation factor G

IPB005517 Elongation factor G

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RRF2M_HUMAN, Q969S9

Similarity: Belongs to the GTP-binding elongation factor family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily

(According to UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas, Animal models from MGI Dec 24 2010,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Millipore, siRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Qiagen, Super-pooled esiRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, microRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, Qiagen, SABiosciences, Clones from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, Cell Lines from GenScript, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RRF2M_HUMAN, Q969S9

Function: Mitochondrial GTPase that mediates the disassembly of ribosomes from messenger RNA at the termination of

mitochondrial protein biosynthesis. Acts in collaboration with MRRF. GTP hydrolysis follows the ribosome disassembly

and probably occurs on the ribosome large subunit. Not involved in protein elongation and does not promote the

GTP-dependent translocation of the nascent protein chain from the A-site to the P-site of the ribosome

Inhib. RNA:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich Sigma-Aldrich esiRNA and siRNA for GFM2 Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for GFM2
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector (see all 3): GFM2 OriGene shRNA RFP (see all 3): GFM2 OriGene basic RS shRNA (see all 3): GFM2 OriGene siRNA (see all 3): GFM2
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of GFM2

miRNA:		Browse microRNA Mimics at Sigma-Aldrich Browse microRNA target validation systems at Sigma-Aldrich
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of GFM2
		Search SABiosciences for Assays for microRNAs that regulate GFM2

Gene
Editing:

Browse CompoZr Knockout ZFN at Sigma-Aldrich

Clones:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore
		Browse iPSC Reprogramming Factors at Sigma-Aldrich
		OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 3): GFM2 OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 3): GFM2 OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 3): GFM2 OriGene 3'-UTR clone (see all 3): GFM2 Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		GenScript cDNA clones with any tag delivered in your preferred vector (see all 3): GFM2
		Browse Sino Biological Human cDNA Clones

Cell
Lines:

GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for GFM2

4 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0000166	nucleotide binding	IEA	--
GO:0003746	NOT translation elongation factor activity	IDA	19716793
GO:0003924	GTPase activity	IDA	19716793
GO:0005525	GTP binding	IEA	--

About this table

GFM2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, and/or ³STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

SABiosciences Custom Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays for GFM2

Search SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Networks for GFM2

3 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0032543	mitochondrial translation	IDA	19716793
GO:0032790	ribosome disassembly	IDA	19716793
GO:0070125	NOT mitochondrial translational elongation	IDA	19716793

About this table

GFM2 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

Browse Small Molecules at Sigma-Aldrich

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Browse Tocris compounds for GFM2

(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 228 Homo sapiens; Dec 8 2010) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Millipore,
siRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Qiagen, Super-pooled esiRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, microRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, Qiagen, SABiosciences,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, GenScript, Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Browse for Gene Knock-down Tools from Millipore
		Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich Sigma-Aldrich esiRNA and siRNA for GFM2 Sigma-Aldrich shRNA for GFM2
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector (see all 3): GFM2 OriGene shRNA RFP (see all 3): GFM2 OriGene basic RS shRNA (see all 3): GFM2 OriGene siRNA (see all 3): GFM2
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of GFM2

miRNA:		Browse microRNA Mimics at Sigma-Aldrich Browse microRNA target validation systems at Sigma-Aldrich
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of GFM2
		Search SABiosciences for Assays for microRNAs that regulate GFM2

Clones:		Browse FLAG tag genes at Sigma-Aldrich
		OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 3): GFM2 OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 3): GFM2 OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 3): GFM2 OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 3): GFM2 Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		GenScript cDNA clones with any tag delivered in your preferred vector (see all 3): GFM2

Primers:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: GFM2 Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay for GFM2: PPH13488A

REFSEQ mRNAs for GFM2 gene (3 alternative transcripts):

NM_032380.3 NM_170681.1 NM_170691.1

Additional cDNA sequence:

AF111808.1 AF367997.1 AK025314.1 AK126251.1 AK307839.1 AK308422.1 AK315705.1 AY453587.1

BC015712.1 BC030612.1 CR592399.1 CR607096.1

24 DOTS entries:

DT.92460306 DT.100059726 DT.100868799 DT.97862484 DT.120814589 DT.100776785 DT.100059733 DT.100798975

DT.92460289 DT.100848492 DT.92460310 DT.100776780 DT.95301878 DT.100664535 DT.92460296 DT.97788223

DT.101976061 DT.120814536 DT.402852 DT.75129626 DT.91641767 DT.92006302 DT.95173447 DT.95173454

24/210 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 210):

BM745868 AL043965 AA633107 AF074660 NM_032380 AI083526 AF111808 AI521928

AL529336 AA363953 BX422090 AI393493 BQ067943 BC015712 H92828 BM479840

BG743022 CR607096 CR592399 NM_170691 BM764430 AL039297 BM787714 BM772056

highest scoring ESTs for GFM2:

AA452769 AK025314 BE546763 BE893214 BF528515 BG699450 BI601873 BI670456 BI818587 BI821554

Unigene Cluster for GFM2:

G elongation factor, mitochondrial 2

Hs.277154 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_032380

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/11 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for GFM2 (see all 11)

ExUns:	1	^	2	^	3	^	4	^	5	^	6a	·	6b	·	6c	·	6d	^	7	^	8	^	9	^	10a	·	10b	·	10c	^	11	^	12a	·	12b	^	13	^	14a	·	14b	^	15	^	16a	·	16b	^	17a	·	17b	·
SP1:																	-												-
SP2:																													-																		-		-
SP3:																																															-		-
SP4:																																															-		-
SP5:																																															-		-

ExUns:	17c	^	18	^	19a	·	19b	^	20a	·	20b	^	21	^	22a	·	22b	^	23
SP1:
SP2:			-
SP3:			-
SP4:			-
SP5:

About this scheme

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for GFM2
11 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant:

ENST00000427854(uc003kdj.1) ENST00000510540 ENST00000509097 ENST00000296805(uc003kdh.1 uc003kdi.1 uc010izj.1 uc010izk.1 uc010izl.1)

ENST00000515125 ENST00000345239 ENST00000506778 ENST00000513331 ENST00000509430

ENST00000514734 ENST00000506263

(Experimental results according to ¹GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to ²GeneAnnot , ³GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 228 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences )
About This Section

GFM2 expression in normal and diseased human tissues

¹ / ² / ³

8 probe-sets matching GFM2 gene

Affymetrix probe-set	Array	# genes	Sensitivity	Specificity	Correlation	Length	Gb_Accession	Consensus	Uniqueness	Score	Rank
Affymetrix probe-set	Array	GeneAnnot data			GeneNote data		GeneTide data
87877_g_at²^{, 3}	U95-E	1	1.00	1.00	0.96	0.98	AA897407	0.60	0.60	0.60	1
87876_at²^{, 3}	U95-E	1	1.00	1.00	0.94	1.02	AA897407	0.60	0.60	0.60	1
231918_s_at²^{, 3}	U133-B	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	AK025314	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
225392_at²^{, 3}	U133-B	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	BF967912	0.60	0.75	0.68	1
231917_at²^{, 3}	U133-B	1	0.82	1.00	--	--	AK025314	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
231918_s_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
225392_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
231917_at²	U133Plus2	1	0.82	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

About this table

GFM2 for expression About GeneDecksing

Data from Genenote (Publications) and GNF BioGPS
About these images

GFM2 gene electronic northern expression

About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: CTGTTCATCT

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.277154

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: RRF2M_HUMAN, Q969S9

Tissue specificity: Widely expressed

Primers:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: GFM2 Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay for GFM2: PPH13488A

SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for GFM2

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD and/or ⁵MGI Dec 24 2010, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section

Orthologs for GFM2 gene from 5/19 species (see all 19)

Organism	Gene	Locus	Description	Human Similarity	NCBI accessions
dog (Canis familiaris)	GFM2¹	--	G elongation factor, mitochondrial 2	90.35(n) 89.96(a)	478101 XM_535276.2 XP_535276.2
chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)	GFM2¹	--	G elongation factor, mitochondrial 2	99.61(n) 99.49(a)	471518 XM_001149867.1 XP_001149867.1
cow (Bos taurus)	GFM2¹	--	G elongation factor, mitochondrial 2	90.27(n) 89.43(a)	527467 XM_605859.3 XP_605859.3
rat (Rattus norvegicus)	Gfm2¹	--	G elongation factor, mitochondrial 2	82.18(n) 82.96(a)	294672 XM_226707.4 XP_226707.4
mouse (Mus musculus)	Gfm2^{1 , 5}	13 (50.66 cM)⁵	G elongation factor, mitochondrial 2^{1, 5}	82.54(n)¹ 84.61(a)¹	320806¹ NM_177266.3¹ NP_796240.2¹ AI666524⁵ AK020100⁵ (see all 27)

About this table Species with no ortholog for GFM2

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for GFM2 (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene
and ²Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to ³Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

(SNPs according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Resequencing Primers from Qiagen)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Chr 5 pos	Sequence	Recs	AA Chg	Type	More	Recs	Allele freq	Pop	Total sample	More
Genomic Data				Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
			--	--	--		--	--
rs957680^1,2	C,F,O,	74055209(-)	`CATCAA/GTCCTC`	6	N S	ref¹ mis¹ ese³		22		NA EA MN NS WA	1820
rs1374694^1,2	H	74030922(-)	`AGCTGG/ATTGTA`	2	--	int¹		7		EA NA NS	478
rs1447452^1,2	C,	74036248(-)	`agaaaT/Catttt`	3	--	int¹		9		NS NA EA WA	710
rs2314936^1,2	C,A,	74050209(+)	`gaatgG/Taaatg`	3	--	int¹		1		WA	2
rs2314937^1,2	C,A,	74050315(+)	`actcaC/Aataaa`	3	--	int¹		1		WA	2
rs3031208^1,2	--	74050145(+)	`aaaaa-/AAacaag`	3	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs3058458^1,2	--	74022106(+)	`AAATC-/AGAG TAAAG`	2	--	int¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs4063872^1,2	--	74021858(+)	`CTCAA-/ACTCAA TCACA`	6	I IE	fra¹ ref¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs5868753^1,2	--	74021847(+)	`AGCAT-/ACTCAA ACTCA`	4	Y FEY	fra¹ ref¹		0	--	--	--	--
rs5868754^1,2	--	74038091(+)	`AAAAA-/AAAAAA`	3	--	int¹ trp³		0	--	--	--	--

About this table

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for GFM2 (up to first 250kb)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for GFM2: --

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing GFM2

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, LSDB, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

GFM2 for disorders About GeneDecksing

OMIM: 606544

Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: GFM2 (1 document)

Export disorders and mutations for GFM2 gene to outside databases

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
About This Section

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or ⁷Novoseek)
About This Section

9 PubMed articles for GFM2 gene integrated from 7 sources:
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with GFM2)

Identification and characterization of two novel human mitochondrial elongation factor genes, hEFG2 and hEFG1, phylogenetically conserved through evolution. (PubMed id 11735030)^{1, 2, 3, 7} Hammarsund M.... Sangfelt O. (2001)
EF-G2mt is an exclusive recycling factor in mammalian mitochondrial protein synthesis. (PubMed id 19716793)^{1, 2} Tsuboi M.... Takeuchi N. (2009)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)
Genetic variants in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial gen es influence AIDS progression. (PubMed id 20877624)¹ Hendrickson S.L....O'Brien S.J. (2010)
The A3243G tRNALeu(UUR) MELAS mutation causes amino acid misincorporation and a combined respiratory chain assembly defect partially suppressed by overexpression of EFTu and EFG2. (PubMed id 18753147)¹ Sasarman F....Shoubridge E.A. (2008)
The molecular basis for tissue specificity of the oxidative phosphorylation deficiencies in patients with mutations in the mitochondrial translation factor EFG1. (PubMed id 16632485)¹ Antonicka H....Shoubridge E.A. (2006)
Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. (PubMed id 14702039)² Ota T.... Sugano S. (2004)
Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. (PubMed id 12477932)¹ Strausberg R.L....Marra M.A. (2002)
A bacterial elongation factor G homologue exclusively functions in ribosome recycling in the spirochaete Borrelia burgdorferi. (PubMed id 20132446)⁷ Suematsu T....Watanabe Y. (2010)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
About This Section

		AND	OR
Aliases
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
About This Section

Entrez Gene: 84340	HGNC: 29682	AceView: GFM2	Ensembl:ENSG00000164347	euGenes: HUgn84340
ECgene: GFM2	H-InvDB: GFM2

(According to HUGE)
About This Section

(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
About This Section

Intellectual Property for GFM2 gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from XenneX, Inc.)

About This Section

Patent Information for GFM2 gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving GFM2

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Qiagen, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Epitomics, ProSpec, Uscn,
Clones available from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences)
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	Predesigned and custom siRNAs for GFM2		Antibodies for GFM2
	Super-pooled esiRNAs for GFM2		Browse proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
	Lentivirus-delivered shRNAs for GFM2		Browse microRNA Mimics at Sigma-Aldrich
	"Your Favorite Gene" Pathways and Molecular Interaction Networks		Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich
	Browse iPSC Reprogramming Factors at Sigma-Aldrich		Browse small molecules at Sigma-Aldrich
	Browse FLAG tag genes at Sigma-Aldrich		Browse ELISAs at Sigma-Aldrich
	Browse microRNA Target Validation Systems at Sigma-Aldrich		Browse CompoZr Knockout ZFN at Sigma-Aldrich
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	Antibodies		Cell Culture Products
	ELISAs		Flow Cytometry Kits
	Primer Pairs		Kinase Activity Assays/Reagents
	ELISpot Kits/Development Modules		TFB/Immunoprecipitation Assays
	Apoptosis Detection Kits/Reagents		Protease Activity Assays/Reagents
	DNA Damage/Repair Kits/Reagents		Multiplex/Array Assay Kits/Reagents
	Cell Selection/Detection Kits/Reagents		ELISA/Assay Development Kits/Reagents
	Phosphatase Activity Assays/Reagents		Recombinant/Natural Proteins

	Tagged/untagged cDNA clones
	Validated SYBR primer pairs
	Purified proteins from HEK293T cells
	Lysates
	Western blot validated antibodies
	shRNA in GFP-retroviral vector
	siRNA
	Custom Immunoassay Development
	Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	miRNA Primers for qPCR Assays
	3' UTR Clones for miRNA Target Studies
	miRNA Expression Plasmids

	QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of GFM2
	SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing GFM2
	QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays for GFM2
	QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of GFM2

	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for GFM2		GenScript cDNA clones with any tag delivered in your preferred vector for GFM2
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for GFM2		GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for GFM2
	GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for GFM2		CloneReady with Over 120,000 Genes
	Gene Synthesis: Any Gene in Any Vector		Vector-based siRNA and miRNA, Ready for Transfection
	Gene Mutant Library, Variants up to 10^11		Plasmid Preparation
	Custom Peptide Services

Search for Antibodies & Assays

	Regulatory tfbs in GFM2 promoter
	Search Chromatin IP Primers for GFM2
	RT² qPCR Primer Assay for GFM2
	Search GNC Networks for GFM2
	Search for Assays for microRNAs that regulate GFM2
	SABiosciences Custom PCR Arrays for GFM2

Search Tocris compounds for GFM2

	Browse Sino Biological Proteins and Antibodies
	Browse Sino Biological cDNA Clones
	Antibodies/Proteins Production Services
	Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody Platform
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Search www.enzolifesciences.com for proteins, assays, substrates, inhibitors & antibodies

	Novus Tissue Slides
	Proteins for GFM2

Browse antibodies at Epitomics

Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins

ELISAs and CLIAs for GFM2

GeneCards Homepage - Last full update: 31 Dec 2010 - Incremental updates: 9 Jan 2011 , 10 Jan 2011

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The GeneCards human gene database gene index: 3 5 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

The GeneCards Human Gene Database

Developed at the Crown Human Genome Center, Department of Molecular Genetics, the Weizmann Institute of Science

GFM2 gene at Home site.

hostname: www-ab3 db genecards_305 index build: 81e solr: 1.4

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GFM2 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 51

Aliases &
Descriptions
for GFM2 gene

Summaries
for GFM2 gene

Genomic Views
for GFM2 gene

Proteins
for GFM2 gene

Protein Domains/
Families
for GFM2 gene

Gene Function
for GFM2 gene

Pathways & Interactions
for GFM2 gene

Drugs & Compounds
for GFM2 gene

Transcripts
for GFM2 gene

Expression
for GFM2 gene

Orthologs
for GFM2 gene

Paralogs
for GFM2 gene

Genomic Variants
for GFM2 gene

Disorders & Mutations
for GFM2 gene

Medical News
for GFM2 gene

Publications
for GFM2 gene

External Searches for GFM2 gene

Genome Databases showing GFM2 gene

Other Databases showing GFM2 gene

Specialized Databases showing GFM2 gene

Intellectual Property
for GFM2 gene

Products
for GFM2 gene

View Random Gene

Advanced Search

Export list of displayed genes

GFM2 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 51

Aliases & Descriptionsfor GFM2 gene

Summariesfor GFM2 gene

Genomic Viewsfor GFM2 gene

Proteinsfor GFM2 gene

Protein Domains/Familiesfor GFM2 gene

Gene Functionfor GFM2 gene

Pathways & Interactionsfor GFM2 gene

Drugs & Compoundsfor GFM2 gene

Transcriptsfor GFM2 gene

Expression for GFM2 gene

Orthologsfor GFM2 gene

Paralogsfor GFM2 gene

Genomic Variantsfor GFM2 gene

Disorders & Mutationsfor GFM2 gene

Medical Newsfor GFM2 gene

Publicationsfor GFM2 gene

External Searches for GFM2 gene

Genome Databases showing GFM2 gene

Other Databases showing GFM2 gene

Specialized Databases showing GFM2 gene

Intellectual Propertyfor GFM2 gene

Productsfor GFM2 gene

View Random Gene

Aliases &
Descriptions
for GFM2 gene

Summaries
for GFM2 gene

Genomic Views
for GFM2 gene

Proteins
for GFM2 gene

Protein Domains/
Families
for GFM2 gene

Gene Function
for GFM2 gene

Pathways & Interactions
for GFM2 gene

Drugs & Compounds
for GFM2 gene

Transcripts
for GFM2 gene

Expression
for GFM2 gene

Orthologs
for GFM2 gene

Paralogs
for GFM2 gene

Genomic Variants
for GFM2 gene

Disorders & Mutations
for GFM2 gene

Medical News
for GFM2 gene

Publications
for GFM2 gene

Intellectual Property
for GFM2 gene

Products
for GFM2 gene