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HLA-DPA1 Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 56

GC06M032775

major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database
(Previous symbol: HLA-DP1A)

		Products

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc , and/or ⁷Ensembl, ⁸miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases & Descriptions
major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1¹ ²		HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha chain²
DP(W4)² ³		MHC class II HLA-DPA1 antigen²
MHC class II DPA1² ³		OTTHUMP00000029066²
HLA-SB alpha chain² ³		HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain²
DP(W3)² ³		OTTHUMP00000178770²
HLA-DP1A² ³		MHC class II antigen²
MHC class II DP3-alpha² ³		OTTHUMP00000029067²
HLASB² ³		PLT1²
HLADP² ⁵		Primed lymphocyte test-1²

External Ids:	HGNC: 4938¹	Entrez Gene: 3113²	Ensembl: ENSG00000231389⁷	UniProtKB: P20036³

Export aliases for HLA-DPA1 gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC06U990043 GC06M033029 GC06M033079 GC06M033140 GC06M033032

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for HLA-DPA1:

HLA-DPA1 belongs to the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an

alpha (DPA) and a beta (DPB) chain, both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by

presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells

(APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The alpha chain is approximately 33-35 kDa and its gene contains 5

exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the

transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DP molecule both the alpha chain and the beta chain contain

the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities, resulting in up to 4 different molecules. (provided by

RefSeq)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPA1_HUMAN, P20036

Function: Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and

presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells. The peptide binding cleft accomodates peptides

of 10-30 residues. The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins

that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases. Exogenous

antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules, and

for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous. As membrane proteins on their

way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal

compartments, exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components. Autophagy is also a

source of endogenous peptides, autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments. In addition

to APCs, other cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as epithelial cells, express MHC class II molecules and CD74

and act as APCs, which is an unusual trait of the GI tract. To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an

antigen, three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the

ER to form an heterononamer. Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal/lysosomal system where antigen

processing occurs, CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases, including CTSS and CTSL, leaving a

small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide). The removal of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM

via direct binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released. HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules

until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound. The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported

to the cell membrane surface. In B cells, the interaction between HLA-DM and MHC class II molecules is regulated by

HLA-DO. Primary dendritic cells (DCs) also to express HLA-DO. Lysosomal miroenvironment has been implicated in the

regulation of antigen loading into MHC II molecules, increased acidification produces increased proteolysis and

efficient peptide loading

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 60), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to Qiagen and/or SABiosciences)
About This Section

Regulatory elements:

SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites in the HLA-DPA1 gene promoter:
         MEF-2A   Bach1   USF1   COUP-TF1   HNF-4alpha2   c-Jun   Fra-1   AP-1   JunB   JunD
         Other transcription factors

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for HLA-DPA1

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 6p21.3 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 6p21.32 HGNC cytogenetic band: 6p21.3

HLA-DPA1 Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
HLA-DPA1 gene location

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 6 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC06M032775: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	32,775,234 bp from pter
End:	32,783,818 bp from pter
Size:	8,585 bases
Orientation:	minus strand

6/7 alternative locations (see all 7):

Chr6-,ALT_REF_LOCI_7 33,102,763-33,111,347	Chr6-,ALT_REF_LOCI_4 33,109,993-33,118,577	Chr6-,ALT_REF_LOCI_5 32,981,090-32,989,656
Chr6-,ALT_REF_LOCI_6 32,961,400-33,006,013	Chr6-,ALT_REF_LOCI_1 33,015,768-33,033,082	Chr6-,ALT_REF_LOCI_2 32,954,322-33,002,542

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000006.11 NT_007592.15 NT_113891.2 NT_167244.1 NT_167245.1 NT_167246.1 NT_167247.1 NT_167248.1

NT_167249.1

(According to ¹UniProtKB, neXtProt, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to ²Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, and/or ProSpec,
Biochemical Assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, and/or Epitomics)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPA1_HUMAN, P20036 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain precursor

Size: 260 amino acids; 29381 Da

Subunit: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit; also referred as MHC class II molecule. In the endoplasmic

reticulum (ER) it forms an heterononamer; 3 MHC class II molecules bind to a CD74 homotrimer (also known as invariant

chain or HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain). In the endosomal/lysosomal system; CD74 undergoes

sequential degradation by various proteases; leaving a small fragment termed CLIP on each MHC class II molecule. MHC

class II molecule interacts with HLA_DM, and HLA_DO in B cells, in order to release CLIP and facilitate the binding of

antigenic peptides

Subcellular location: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass

type I membrane protein. Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Endosome

membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Lysosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Note=The MHC

class II complex transits through a number of intracellular compartments in the endocytic pathway until it reaches the

cell membrane for antigen presentation

Sequence caution: Sequence=AAC64233.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Sequence=AAD42927.1; Type=Erroneous gene

model prediction;

PDB structures from and Proteopedia :

3LQZ (3D)

Secondary accessions: A9YWH7 B9UKH4 O19722 O46883 P01905 P79554 Q2Q060 Q2Q061 Q5EY03 Q6DQK4 Q9BCQ1

Q9TPX3 Q9XS10

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for HLA-DPA1: NX_P20036

REFSEQ proteins: NP_291032.2

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000390929 ENSP00000405500 ENSP00000402872 ENSP00000412313 ENSP00000398134 ENSP00000393566

Human Recombinant Proteins

	Browse Purified and Recombinant Proteins at Millipore
	Browse Human Recombinant Proteins at Sigma-Aldrich
	Browse R&D Systems for human recombinant proteins
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate: HLA-DPA1
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for HLA-DPA1
	Novus Biologicals Protein for HLA-DPA1
	Novus Biologicals Lysates for HLA-DPA1
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	Browse ProSpec Recombinant Proteins

5/10 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 10):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005765	lysosomal membrane	IEA	--
GO:0005768	endosome	IEA	--
GO:0005783	endoplasmic reticulum	IEA	--
GO:0005789	endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IEA	--
GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus	IEA	--

About this table

HLA-DPA1 for ontologies About GeneDecksing

Antibodies for HLA-DPA1:

	Browse Millipore's Extensive Line of Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies
	Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for HLA-DPA1
	Browse R&D Systems for Antibodies
	Browse OriGene Antibodies
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for HLA-DPA1
	Novus Biologicals Antibodies for HLA-DPA1
	Browse antibodies at Epitomics

Assays for HLA-DPA1:

	Browse Kits and Assays available from Millipore
	Browse ELISAs at Sigma-Aldrich
	OriGene Custom Immunoassay Development Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	Browse R&D Systems for biochemical assays
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for HLA-DPA1
	Browse Enzo Life Sciences for kits & assays
	Browse ELISAs and CLIAs at Uscn

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

HLA-DPA1 for domains About GeneDecksing

5/7 InterPro domains/families (see all 7):

IPR001003 MHC_II_a_N

IPR011162 MHC_I/II-like_Ag-recog

IPR013783 Ig-like_fold

IPR014745 MHC_II_a/b_N

IPR003597 Ig_C1-set

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P20036

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P20036

2 Blocks protein families:

IPB001003 MHC Class II alpha chain

IPB003597 Immunoglobulin C-type

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: DPA1_HUMAN, P20036

Similarity: Belongs to the MHC class II family

Similarity: Contains 1 Ig-like C1-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain

(According to UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas, Animal models from MGI Dec 24 2010,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Millipore, siRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Qiagen, Super-pooled esiRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, microRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, Qiagen, SABiosciences, Clones from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, Cell Lines from GenScript, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section