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VEGFA Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 64

GC06P043458

vascular endothelial growth factor A
(Previous name: vascular endothelial growth factor )
Symbol approved by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database
(Previous symbol: VEGF)

		Products

(According to ¹HGNC, ²Entrez Gene,
³UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ⁴UniProtKB/TrEMBL, ⁵OMIM, ⁶GeneLoc , and/or ⁷Ensembl, ⁸miRBase)
About This Section

Aliases & Descriptions
vascular endothelial growth factor A¹ ²		MVCD1² ⁵
VPF¹ ² ³		vascular endothelial growth factor¹
VEGF² ³ ⁵		OTTHUMP00000165987²
VEGF-A¹ ³		MGC70609²
Vascular permeability factor² ³		OTTHUMP00000224107²

External Ids:	HGNC: 12680¹	Entrez Gene: 7422²	Ensembl: ENSG00000112715⁷	UniProtKB: P15692³

Export aliases for VEGFA gene to outside databases

Previous GC identifers: GC06P043846 GC06P043737

(According to Entrez Gene, Tocris Bioscience, Wikipedia's Gene Wiki,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL)
About This Section

Entrez Gene summary for VEGFA:

This gene is a member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family and encodes a protein that is often found as a disulfide

linked homodimer. This protein is a glycosylated mitogen that specifically acts on endothelial cells and has various

effects, including mediating increased vascular permeability, inducing angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial

cell growth, promoting cell migration, and inhibiting apoptosis. Elevated levels of this protein is linked to POEMS

syndrome, also known as Crow-Fukase syndrome. Mutations in this gene have been associated with proliferative and

nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Alternatively spliced transcript variants, encoding either freely secreted or

cell-associated isoforms, have been characterized. There is also evidence for the use of non-AUG (CUG) translation

initiation sites upstream of, and in-frame with the first AUG, leading to additional isoforms. (provided by RefSeq)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: VEGFA_HUMAN, P15692

Function: Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell

proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the

FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. NRP1/Neuropilin-1 binds isoforms VEGF-165 and

VEGF-145. Isoform VEGF165B binds to KDR but does not activate downstream signaling pathways, does not activate

angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth

summary for VEGFA:

Vascular endothelial growth factor is a signaling protein involved in the regulation of angiogenesis and

vasculogenesis. VEGF binds to and activates a receptor tyrosine kinase, VEGFR. Three VEGFR isoforms have

been identified in humans; VEGFR-1 (Flt-1), VEGFR-2 (KDR/Flk-1) and VEGFR-3 (Flt-4). VEGFR-2 mediates the

majority of cellular responses to VEGF. VEGFR-1 is thought to modulate VEGFR-2 signaling or to act as a

dummy/decoy receptor to sequester VEGF away from VEGFR-2.

Gene Wiki entry for VEGFA (Vascular endothelial growth factor A)

(According to GeneLoc and/or HGNC, and/or
Entrez Gene (NCBI build 37),
and/or miRBase,
Genomic Views according to UCSC (hg19) and Ensembl (release 60), Regulatory elements and Epigenetics data according to Qiagen and/or SABiosciences)
About This Section

Regulatory elements:

Search SABiosciences Regulatory transcription factor binding sites for VEGFA
Other transcription factors

Search SABiosciences Chromatin IP Primers for VEGFA

Epigenetics:

QIAGEN PyroMark CpG Assay predesigned Pyrosequencing DNA Methylation assays for VEGFA

Genomic Location:
Genomic View: UCSC Golden Path with GeneCards custom track

Entrez Gene cytogenetic band: 6p12 Ensembl cytogenetic band: 6p21.1 HGNC cytogenetic band: 6p12

VEGFA Gene in genomic location: bands according to Ensembl, locations according to (and/or Entrez Gene and/or Ensembl if different)
VEGFA gene location

GeneLoc gene densities for chromosome 6 GeneLoc Exon Structure

GeneLoc location for GC06P043458: view genomic region (about GC identifiers)

Start:	43,458,106 bp from pter
End:	43,474,385 bp from pter
Size:	16,280 bases
Orientation:	plus strand

1 alternative location:

Chr6+ 43,737,921-43,754,224

RefSeq DNA sequence:

NC_000006.11 NT_007592.15

(According to ¹UniProtKB, neXtProt, and/or Ensembl, Phosphorylation sites according to ²Phosphosite, RefSeq according to NCBI, PDB rendering according to OCA and/or Proteopedia, Recombinant Proteins from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Enzo Life Sciences, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, Sino Biological, and/or ProSpec,
Biochemical Assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, OriGene, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, Enzo Life Sciences, and/or Uscn, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 and Entrez Gene, Antibodies by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, OriGene, Novus Biologicals, and/or Epitomics)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: VEGFA_HUMAN, P15692 (See protein sequence)

Recommended Name: Vascular endothelial growth factor A precursor

Size: 232 amino acids; 27042 Da

Subunit: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Also found as heterodimer with PGF (By similarity)

Subcellular location: Secreted. Note=VEGF121 is acidic and freely secreted. VEGF165 is more basic, has heparin-binding

properties and, although a signicant proportion remains cell-associated, most is freely secreted. VEGF189 is very

basic, it is cell-associated after secretion and is bound avidly by heparin and the extracellular matrix, although it

may be released as a soluble form by heparin, heparinase or plasmin

Sequence caution: Sequence=AAC63102.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Sequence=AAC63143.1; Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy;

Note=Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon; Sequence=CAC19512.2;

Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy; Note=Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG

leucine codon; Sequence=CAC19516.2; Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy; Note=Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine

is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon;

PDB structures from and Proteopedia :

1BJ1 (3D)

1CZ8 (3D)

1FLT (3D)

1KAT (3D)

1KMX (3D)

1MJV (3D)

1MKG (3D)

1MKK (3D)

1QTY (3D)

1TZH (3D)

1TZI (3D)

1VGH (3D)

1VPF (3D)

1VPP (3D)

2FJG (3D)

2FJH (3D)

2QR0 (3D)

2VGH (3D)

2VPF (3D)

3BDY (3D)

Secondary accessions: B5BU86 O60720 O75875 Q074Z4 Q16889 Q5UB46 Q6P0P5 Q96KJ0 Q96L82 Q96NW5 Q9H1W8

Q9H1W9 Q9UH58 Q9UL23

Alternative promoter usage, Alternative splicing, Alternative initiation: 13 isoforms: P15692-1 P15692-2 P15692-3 P15692-4 P15692-5 P15692-6 P15692-8 P15692-9

P15692-10 P15692-11 P15692-12 P15692-13 P15692-14 (Additional isoforms seem to exist)

Explore the universe of human proteins at neXtProt for VEGFA: NX_P15692

Post-translational modifications:

View phosphorylation sites using PhosphoSite²

REFSEQ proteins (16 alternative transcripts):

NP_001020537.2 NP_001020538.2 NP_001020539.2 NP_001020540.2 NP_001020541.2 NP_001028928.1 NP_001165093.1 NP_001165094.1

NP_001165095.1 NP_001165096.1 NP_001165097.1 NP_001165098.1 NP_001165099.1 NP_001165100.1 NP_001165101.1 NP_003367.4

ENSEMBL proteins:

ENSP00000361137 ENSP00000361134 ENSP00000388465 ENSP00000361125 ENSP00000317598 ENSP00000389864

ENSP00000421561 ENSP00000388663 ENSP00000361148 ENSP00000430594 ENSP00000428321 ENSP00000429643

ENSP00000430479 ENSP00000409911 ENSP00000430829 ENSP00000430002 ENSP00000429008 ENSP00000230480

ENSP00000429592 ENSP00000397567

Human Recombinant Proteins

	Millipore Purified and/or Recombinant VEGFA Protein
	Sigma-Aldrich Proteins for VEGFA
	R&D Systems Recombinant & Natural Proteins for VEGFA (VEGF)
	Browse recombinant and purified proteins available from Enzo Life Sciences
	Browse OriGene full length recombinant human proteins expressed in human HEK293 cells OriGene Protein Over-expression Lysate (see all 3): VEGFA
	GenScript Custom Purified and Recombinant Proteins Services for VEGFA
	Novus Biologicals Proteins for VEGFA
	Novus Biologicals Lysates for VEGFA
	Browse Sino Biological Recombinant Proteins
	ProSpec Recombinant Protein for VEGFA

5/10 Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 10):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	--
GO:0005578	proteinaceous extracellular matrix	NAS	14570917
GO:0005604	basement membrane	IEA	--
GO:0005615	extracellular space	ISS	--
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IDA	17082651

About this table

VEGFA for ontologies About GeneDecksing

Antibodies for VEGFA:

	Millipore Mono- and Polyclonal Antibodies for the study of VEGFA
	Sigma-Aldrich Antibodies for VEGFA
	R&D Systems Antibodies for VEGFA (VEGF)
	OriGene Antibodies (see all 6): VEGFA
	GenScript Custom Superior Antibodies Services for VEGFA
	Novus Biologicals Antibodies for VEGFA
	Epitomics antibodies for VEGFA

Assays for VEGFA:

	Millipore Kits and Assays for the Analysis of VEGFA
	Browse ELISAs at Sigma-Aldrich
	OriGene Immunoassay: VEGFA Browse OriGene Fluorogenic Cell Assay Kits
	R&D Systems Flow Cytometry Kits for VEGFA (VEGF) (see all)
	GenScript Custom Assay Services for VEGFA
	Enzo Life Sciences assays for VEGFA
	Uscn ELISAs and CLIAs for VEGFA

(According to InterPro, ProtoNet, UniProtKB, and/or BLOCKS, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks)
About This Section

VEGFA for domains About GeneDecksing

1 InterPro domain/family:

IPR000072 PD_growth_factor

Graphical View of Domain Structure for InterPro Entry P15692

ProtoNet protein and cluster: P15692

1 Blocks protein family: IPB000072 Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: VEGFA_HUMAN, P15692

Similarity: Belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family

(According to UniProtKB, IUBMB,and/or Genatlas, Animal models from MGI Dec 24 2010,
shRNA from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, RNAi from Millipore, siRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Qiagen, Super-pooled esiRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, microRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, Qiagen, SABiosciences, Clones from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, Cell Lines from GenScript, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 via Entrez Gene.)
About This Section

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: VEGFA_HUMAN, P15692

Function: Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell

proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the

FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. NRP1/Neuropilin-1 binds isoforms VEGF-165 and

VEGF-145. Isoform VEGF165B binds to KDR but does not activate downstream signaling pathways, does not activate

angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth

Induction: Regulated by growth factors, cytokines, gonadotropins, nitric oxide, hypoxia, hypoglycemia and oncogenic

mutations

Inhib. RNA:		Millipore RNAi Products for the Analysis of VEGFA Gene knock-down
		Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich Sigma-Aldrich esiRNA and siRNA for VEGFA Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for VEGFA
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector (see all 17): VEGFA OriGene shRNA RFP (see all 17): VEGFA OriGene basic RS shRNA (see all 17): VEGFA OriGene siRNA (see all 16): VEGFA
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of VEGFA

miRNA:		Sigma-Aldrich microRNA Mimics for VEGFA Browse microRNA target validation systems at Sigma-Aldrich
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of VEGFA
		8/27 SABiosciences Assays for microRNAs that regulate VEGFA (see all 27):
		hsa-miR-140-5p hsa-miR-361-5p hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-29c hsa-miR-29a hsa-miR-578 hsa-miR-410 hsa-miR-548a-3p

Gene
Editing:

Browse CompoZr Knockout ZFN at Sigma-Aldrich

Clones:		Browse Clones for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins Available from Millipore
		Browse iPSC Reprogramming Factors at Sigma-Aldrich
		OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 16): VEGFA OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 16): VEGFA OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 8): VEGFA OriGene 3'-UTR clone (see all 7): VEGFA Browse MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		GenScript Custom cDNA clone Services for VEGFA
		Sino Biological Human cDNA Clone for VEGFA

Cell
Lines:

GenScript Custom overexpressing Cell Line Services for VEGFA

5/14 Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 14):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001968	fibronectin binding	IDA	14570917
GO:0005125	cytokine activity	ISS	--
GO:0005161	platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding	IPI	17470632
GO:0005172	vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding	IPI	9529250
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	17222790

About this table

VEGFA for ontologies About GeneDecksing

Animal Models: 15/26 MGI mutant phenotypes (inferred from 12 alleles) (MGI details for Vegfa) (see all 26):

behavior/neurological	cardiovascular system	cellular	craniofacial	digestive/alimentary
embryogenesis	endocrine/exocrine gland	growth/size	hematopoietic system	homeostasis/metabolism
immune system	lethality-postnatal	lethality-prenatal/perinatal	life span-post-weaning/aging	limbs/digits/tail

VEGFA for phenotypes About GeneDecksing

(Pathways according to Millipore, Cell Signaling Technology, Sigma-Aldrich, KEGG and/or UniProtKB, Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Proteins Network according to SABiosciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Interactions according to ¹UniProtKB, ²MINT, and/or ³STRING, with links to IntAct and Ensembl, Ontologies according to Gene Ontology Consortium 01 Dec 2010 via Entrez Gene).
About This Section

VEGFA for pathways About GeneDecksing

5/10 Millipore Pathways for VEGFA (see all 10)

	Development VEGF signaling and activation
	Development Leptin signaling via JAK/STAT and MAPK cascades
	Cytoskeleton remodeling FAK signaling
	Immune response Oncostatin M signaling via JAK-Stat in human cells
	Transcription Ligand-dependent activation of the ESR1/SP pathway

5/22 Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" (powered by Ingenuity) Pathways for VEGFA (see all 22)

	Inhibition of Angiogenesis by TSP1
	ILK Signaling
	HIF1α Signaling
	IL-8 Signaling
	Nitric Oxide Signaling in the Cardiovascular System

5/8 Kegg Pathways (Kegg details for VEGFA) (see all 8):

	hsa04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
	hsa04150 mTOR signaling pathway
	hsa04370 VEGF signaling pathway
	hsa04510 Focal adhesion
	hsa05200 Pathways in cancer

SABiosciences Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including VEGFA (see all 23): PAHS-005A PAHS-014A

Sigma-Aldrich "Your Favorite Gene" (powered by Ingenuity) Molecular Interaction Network for VEGFA

SABiosciences Gene Network Central^TM Interacting Genes and Proteins Network for VEGFA

2 Interacting proteins for VEGFA (P15692^{1, 2}) via UniProtKB, MINT, and/or STRING

Interactant		Interaction Details
GeneCard	External ID(s)	Interaction Details
NRP1	O14786¹^,²	EBI-1026643,EBI-1187100 MINT-2834244 MINT-2834194 MINT-2834269
KDR	P35968²	MINT-2834174

About this table

5/68 Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms (GO ID links to tree view) (see all 68):

GO ID	Qualified GO term	Evidence	PubMed IDs
GO:0001525	angiogenesis	IDA	11427521
GO:0001541	ovarian follicle development	IEA	--
GO:0001568	blood vessel development	--	--
GO:0001569	patterning of blood vessels	IEA	--
GO:0001570	vasculogenesis	TAS	15015550

About this table

VEGFA for ontologies About GeneDecksing

(Chemical Compounds according to UniProtKB, Enzo Life Sciences, Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Novoseek and Drugs according to Enzo Life Sciences and/or PharmGKB)
About This Section

VEGFA for compounds About GeneDecksing

Sigma-Aldrich Small Molecules for VEGFA:

Small Molecule - Inhibitor

Browse drugs & compounds from Enzo Life Sciences

Compounds for VEGFA available from Tocris Bioscience

Compound	Action	CAS number
SU 5416	VEGFR inhibitor. Also inhibits KIT, RET, MET and FLT3	[204005-46-9]
Ki 8751	Potent, selective VEGFR-2 inhibitor	[228559-41-9]
SU 4312	Potent inhibitor of VEGFR tyrosine kinase	[5812-07-7]
ZM 323881 hydrochloride	Potent, selective inhibitor of VEGFR-2	[324077-30-7]
ZM 306416 hydrochloride	Inhibitor of VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase	[690206-97-4]

About this table

10/106 Novoseek chemical compound relationships for VEGFA gene (see all 106)

Compound	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
vegf	99.5	91016	9921991 (15), 10070308 (15), 15790460 (15), 15748443 (15) (see all 99)
su5416	84.2	93	15474452 (5), 17169805 (4), 11156244 (3), 19420288 (3) (see all 51)
pegaptanib	83.9	91	17509689 (3), 19668746 (3), 10548435 (2), 19734041 (2) (see all 54)
matrigel	83.7	155	16447633 (2), 18080776 (2), 10634803 (2), 19616847 (2) (see all 99)
ranibizumab	82.8	135	17714704 (5), 19643496 (4), 19674731 (3), 19553804 (3) (see all 66)
sunitinib	82.2	97	17605814 (3), 19277038 (2), 17710208 (2), 18669461 (2) (see all 75)
ptk787	80.7	50	10786682 (2), 19577260 (2), 15705616 (1), 15979888 (1) (see all 32)
zd6474	80.1	52	19447868 (5), 19528456 (4), 12183421 (3), 19949019 (2) (see all 30)
tyrosine	79.5	1237	19376222 (6), 9182576 (6), 10976958 (4), 9625748 (4) (see all 99)
azd 2171	77.3	15	15899831 (1), 17592499 (1), 17906459 (1), 17634482 (1) (see all 12)

About this table

(GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ Accessions according to
Unigene (Build 228 Homo sapiens; Dec 8 2010) or GenBank,
RefSeq according to Entrez Gene,
DOTS (version 10), and/or AceView, transcript ids from Ensembl with links to UCSC,
non coding RNAs according to RNAdb,
ESTs according to GeneTide,
exon structure from GeneLoc, alternative splicing isoforms according to ASD and/or ECgene,
RNAi Products from Millipore,
siRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, Qiagen, Super-pooled esiRNAs from Sigma-Aldrich,
shRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, microRNA from Sigma-Aldrich, Qiagen, SABiosciences,
Tagged/untagged cDNA clones from OriGene, Sigma-Aldrich, GenScript, Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences)
About This Section

Inhib. RNA:		Millipore RNAi Products for the Analysis of VEGFA Gene knock-down
		Browse Nano Scale siRNA at Sigma-Aldrich Sigma-Aldrich esiRNA and siRNA for VEGFA Sigma-Aldrich shRNA Panels and shRNA for VEGFA
		OriGene 29mer shRNA kits in GFP-retroviral vector (see all 17): VEGFA OriGene shRNA RFP (see all 17): VEGFA OriGene basic RS shRNA (see all 17): VEGFA OriGene siRNA (see all 16): VEGFA
		QIAGEN FlexiTube/FlexiPlate siRNA for gene silencing of VEGFA

miRNA:		Sigma-Aldrich microRNA Mimics for VEGFA Browse microRNA target validation systems at Sigma-Aldrich
		QIAGEN Custom miScript Target Protector blocks miRNA-binding site of VEGFA
		8/27 SABiosciences Assays for microRNAs that regulate VEGFA (see all 27):
		hsa-miR-140-5p hsa-miR-361-5p hsa-miR-15a hsa-miR-29c hsa-miR-29a hsa-miR-578 hsa-miR-410 hsa-miR-548a-3p

Clones:		Browse FLAG tag genes at Sigma-Aldrich
		OriGene GFP tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 16): VEGFA OriGene Myc/DDK tagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 16): VEGFA OriGene untagged cDNA clones in CMV expression vector (see all 8): VEGFA OriGene 3'-UTR Clone (see all 7): VEGFA Browse OriGene MicroRNA Expression Plasmids
		GenScript Custom cDNA clone Services for VEGFA

Primers:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: VEGFA Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay for VEGFA: PPH00251A

REFSEQ mRNAs for VEGFA gene (16 alternative transcripts):

NM_001025366.2 NM_001025367.2 NM_001025368.2 NM_001025369.2 NM_001025370.2 NM_001033756.2 NM_001171622.1 NM_001171623.1

NM_001171624.1 NM_001171625.1 NM_001171626.1 NM_001171627.1 NM_001171628.1 NM_001171629.1 NM_001171630.1 NM_003376.5

Additional cDNA sequence:

AB021221.1 AB451322.1 AB451451.1 AF022375.1 AF024710.1 AF062645.1 AF091352.1 AF214570.1

AF430806.1 AF486837.1 AJ010438.1 AK056914.1 AK125666.1 AY047581.1 AY263145.1 AY500353.1

AY766116.1 BC011177.1 BC019867.2 BC058855.1 BC065522.1 CR592173.1 CR614384.1 DQ229900.1

M27281.1 M32977.1 S85192.1 X62568.1

21 DOTS entries:

DT.101962506 DT.100817302 DT.95350198 DT.100743047 DT.95339476 DT.453994 DT.121334558 DT.92450656

DT.100817298 DT.101976085 DT.100817299 DT.92450657 DT.100817293 DT.121334539 DT.102828056 DT.40235175

DT.92450653 DT.100817297 DT.92450651 DT.95182536 DT.95262131

24/416 AceView cDNA sequences (see all 416):

BM689711 CA442374 BM757090 BF343433 AA923135 AA600364 BE350528 AF091352

AF430806 AA514977 CD368714 AA285020 CB132368 BG054972 CA866775 AY263145

AW439868 BQ015508 CA307359 BQ007540 BC065522 BE018440 CD617014 AW003436

highest scoring ESTs for VEGFA:

AF022375 AF024710 AA045836 AA045948 AA045970 AA047488 AA126903 AA128079 AA292211 AA297069

Unigene Cluster for VEGFA:

Vascular endothelial growth factor A

Hs.73793 [show with all ESTs]

Unigene Representative Sequence: NM_001025366

GeneLoc Exon Structure

5/7 Alternative Splicing Database (ASD) splice patterns (SP) for VEGFA (see all 7)

ExUns:	1a	·	1b	·	1c	·	1d	^	2	^	3a	·	3b	^	4	^	5	^	6	^	7a	·	7b	·	7c	·	7d	^	8	^	9a	·	9b	·	9c	·	9d
SP1:									-		-														-		-
SP2:									-		-																-
SP3:									-		-										-		-		-		-
SP4:									-		-												-		-		-
SP5:									-		-										-		-		-		-				-

About this scheme

ECgene alternative splicing isoforms for VEGFA
18/26 Ensembl transcripts including schematic representations, and UCSC links where relevant (see all 26):

ENST00000476772(uc003owb.2 uc003owc.2) ENST00000372067(uc003owd.2 uc003owe.2 uc003owi.2 uc003owj.2 uc010jyx.2)

ENST00000372064 ENST00000425836 ENST00000372055 ENST00000324450(uc003owf.2 uc003owg.2 uc003owh.2)

ENST00000413642 ENST00000482630 ENST00000417285 ENST00000372077 ENST00000519767

ENST00000520948 ENST00000518538 ENST00000523950 ENST00000523873 ENST00000512683

ENST00000457104 ENST00000518689

(Experimental results according to ¹GeneNote and GNF BioGPS,
probe sets-to-genes annotations according to ²GeneAnnot , ³GeneTide , Sets of similar genes according to GeneDecks, Electronic Northern calculations according to data from UniGene (Build 228 Homo sapiens), SAGE tags according to CGAP, plus additional links to SOURCE, and/or GNF BioGPS, and/or EXPOLDB, and/or UniProtKB,
Primers from OriGene and/or SABiosciences )
About This Section

VEGFA expression in normal and diseased human tissues

¹ / ² / ³

12 probe-sets matching VEGFA gene

Affymetrix probe-set	Array	# genes	Sensitivity	Specificity	Correlation	Length	Gb_Accession	Consensus	Uniqueness	Score	Rank
Affymetrix probe-set	Array	GeneAnnot data			GeneNote data		GeneTide data
1953_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	1.00	1.00	0.98	1.06	AF024710	1.00	1.00	1.00	1
73146_at²^{, 3}	U95-E	1	1.00	1.00	0.98	1.27	AW024572	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
36100_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	1.00	1.00	0.99	1.01	AF022375	1.00	1.00	1.00	1
36101_s_at²^{, 3}	U95-A	1	1.00	1.00	0.96	0.67	M63978	0.20	1.00	0.72	1
212171_x_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	H95344	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
210512_s_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	AF022375	1.00	1.00	1.00	1
210513_s_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	AF091352	0.60	1.00	0.82	1
211527_x_at²^{, 3}	U133-A	1	0.91	1.00	--	--	M27281	0.80	1.00	0.91	1
212171_x_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
210512_s_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
210513_s_at²	U133Plus2	1	1.00	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--
211527_x_at²	U133Plus2	1	0.91	1.00	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

About this table

VEGFA for expression About GeneDecksing

Data from Genenote (Publications) and GNF BioGPS
About these images

VEGFA gene electronic northern expression

About these images

CGAP SAGE TAG: TTTCCAATCT

SOURCE GeneReport for Unigene cluster: Hs.73793

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: VEGFA_HUMAN, P15692

Tissue specificity: Isoform VEGF189, isoform VEGF165 and isoform VEGF121 are widely expressed. Isoform VEGF206 and

isoform VEGF145 are not widely expressed

Primers:		OriGene genome-wide validated SYBR primer pairs: VEGFA Browse OriGene validated miRNA SYBR primer pairs
		SABiosciences RT² qPCR Primer Assay for VEGFA: PPH00251A

SABiosciences Expression via Pathway-Focused PCR Arrays including VEGFA (see all 23): PAHS-005A PAHS-014A

(Orthologs according to ^1,2HomoloGene (²older version, for species not in ¹newer version), ³euGenes, ⁴SGD and/or ⁵MGI Dec 24 2010, with possible further links to Flybase and/or WormBase, Gene Trees according to Ensembl)
About This Section

Orthologs for VEGFA gene from 5/8 species (see all 8)

Organism	Gene	Locus	Description	Human Similarity	NCBI accessions
dog (Canis familiaris)	VEGFA¹	--	vascular endothelial growth factor A	95.02(n) 96.73(a)	403802 NM_001003175.1 NP_001003175.1
cow (Bos taurus)	VEGFA¹	--	vascular endothelial growth factor A	95.26(n) 94.74(a)	281572 NM_174216.1 NP_776641.1
rat (Rattus norvegicus)	Vegfa¹	--	vascular endothelial growth factor A	90.81(n) 90.65(a)	83785 NM_031836.1 NP_114024.1
mouse (Mus musculus)	Vegfa^{1 , 5}	17 (22.79 cM)⁵	vascular endothelial growth factor A^{1, 5}	90.5(n)¹ 90.65(a)¹	22339¹ NM_001025250.2¹ NP_001020421.1¹ AA959550⁵ AF317892⁵ (see all 31)
chicken (Gallus gallus)	VEGFA¹	--	vascular endothelial growth factor A	78.29(n) 74.88(a)	395909 NM_205042.1 NP_990373.1

About this table Species with no ortholog for VEGFA

ENSEMBL Gene Tree for VEGFA (if available)

(Paralogs according to ¹HomoloGene
and ²Ensembl, Pseudogenes according to ³Pseudogene.org)
About This Section

Paralogs for VEGFA gene

VEGFC² PGF² FIGF² VEGFB²

VEGFA for paralogs About GeneDecksing

(SNPs according to the ¹NCBI SNP Database, ²Ensembl, ³PupaSUITE, and UniProtKB, Linkage Disequilibrium by HapMap, Structural Variations(CNVs/InDels/Inversions) from the Database of Genomic Variants, Resequencing Primers from Qiagen)
About This Section

SNP ID	Valid	Chr 6 pos	Sequence	Recs	AA Chg	Type	More	Recs	Pop	Total sample
Genomic Data				Transcription Related Data				Allele Frequencies
			--	--	--		--	--
rs10434^1,2	C,F,A,H,	43753212(+)	`AGGAGG/ACCACT`	22	--	ut3¹ ese³		26	MN NS NA EA WA	1902
rs25648^1,2	C,F,	43738977(+)	`GCCTCC/TGAAAC`	37	S	ut5¹ ref¹ syn¹ ese³		14	MN EA NS NA	2676
rs699947^1,2	C,F,A,H,	43736389(+)	`TGGCAC/AGATCT`	15	--	ng5¹		18	EA MN NS NA WA	1584
rs715843^1,2	C,	43752224(-)	`CCTGGC/TGATGA`	15	--	int¹		4	EA NS	274
rs735286^1,2	C,F,A,H,	43744621(-)	`aggagG/Actcaa`	15	--	int¹		9	EA NA NS	306
rs833061^1,2	C,F,A,H,	43737486(+)	`GAGGGT/CGTTGG`	15	--	ng5¹		16	MN NS EA NA WA	1162
rs833062^1,2	F	43737529(+)	`TCCAAT/CAGATC`	15	--	ng5¹		6	MN	584
rs833067^1,2	C,F,A,	43739989(+)	`CCCCGT/CTTATT`	15	--	int¹		13	EA NA MN WA	653
rs833068^1,2	C,F,A,	43742527(+)	`ACTGTG/AACCCT`	15	--	int¹		29	NS MN NA EA WA	2366
rs833069^1,2	C,F,A,H,	43742579(-)	`GGAGGA/GGAGAT`	15	--	int¹ trp³		19	NS MN EA NA WA	2818

About this table

HapMap Linkage Disequilibrium images for VEGFA (up to first 250kb)
Structural Variations (Copy Number Variations, Insertions/Deletions, Inversions)
Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) variations for VEGFA: --

QIAGEN SeqTarget long-range PCR primers for resequencing VEGFA

(in which this Gene is Involved, According to OMIM, UniProtKB, Novoseek, PharmGKB, Genatlas, GeneTests, Blood group antigen gene mutations by BGMUT, LSDB, HGMD, GAD, HuGE Navigator, and/or TGDB.)
About This Section

VEGFA for disorders About GeneDecksing

OMIM: 192240 disorders: 603933

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: VEGFA_HUMAN, P15692

Defects in VEGFA are a cause of susceptibility to microvascular complications of diabetes type 1 (MVCD1)

[MIM:603933]. These are pathological conditions that develop in numerous tissues and organs as a consequence of

diabetes mellitus. They include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy leading to end-stage renal disease, and

diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy remains the major cause of new-onset blindness among diabetic adults. It is

characterized by vascular permeability and increased tissue ischemia and angiogenesis

10/97 Novoseek disease relationships for VEGFA gene (see all 97)

Disease	-log (P-Val)	Hits	PubMed IDs for Articles with Shared Sentences (# sentences)
neovascularization	92.9	1184	10406801 (4), 16179869 (4), 19639355 (4), 9815760 (4) (see all 99)
tumors	88.1	9908	16222693 (9), 11176129 (9), 1940805 (9), 15699727 (8) (see all 99)
metastasis	83.9	1955	15473929 (8), 12926153 (6), 10070308 (6), 17283532 (6) (see all 99)
cancer	80.7	1954	9933044 (8), 12726933 (6), 19633424 (6), 10853032 (6) (see all 99)
proliferative diabetic retinopathy	80.2	196	7943121 (4), 11935151 (4), 15767056 (3), 18053608 (3) (see all 95)
diabetic retinopathy	79.8	354	19216096 (5), 19646547 (4), 11440280 (4), 11642376 (4) (see all 99)
solid tumor	79.7	294	11734110 (3), 10811135 (3), 11297245 (2), 11776866 (2) (see all 99)
retinal neovascularization	78	88	16936124 (4), 7479819 (3), 16785756 (3), 11740151 (2) (see all 43)
choroidal neovascularization	76.2	124	10410552 (3), 10484206 (2), 15389527 (2), 18728623 (2) (see all 74)
retinopathy	73.9	314	11437859 (4), 18382886 (4), 20169883 (4), 9046048 (4) (see all 99)

About this table

Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD): VEGFA
Human Genome Epidemiology (HuGE) Navigator: VEGFA (391 documents)

Export disorders and mutations for VEGFA gene to outside databases

(Possibly Related Articles in Doctor's Guide)
About This Section

(in PubMed. Associations of this gene to articles via ¹Entrez Gene, ²UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, ³HGNC, ⁴GAD, ⁵PharmGKB, ⁶UniProtKB/TrEMBL, and/or ⁷Novoseek)
About This Section

10/8286 PubMed articles for VEGFA gene, integrated from 7 sources (see all 8286):
(articles sorted by number of sources associating them with VEGFA)

The crystal structure of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) refined to 1.93-A resolution: multiple copy flexibility and receptor binding. (PubMed id 9351807)^{1, 2, 7} Muller Y.A.... de Vos A.M. (1997)
A common polymorphism in the 5'-untranslated region of the VEGF gene is associated with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes. (PubMed id 11978667)^{1, 2, 7} Awata T....Katayama S. (2002)
Solution structure of the heparin-binding domain of vascular endothelial growth factor. (PubMed id 9634701)^{1, 2, 7} Fairbrother W.J....Starovasnik M.A. (1998)
AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma cells in culture express vascular endothelial growth factor. (PubMed id 1567395)^{1, 2, 7} Weindel K.... Weich H.A. (1992)
Heterogeneous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoform mRNA and receptor mRNA expression in human glomeruli, and the identification of VEGF148 mRNA, a novel truncated splice variant. (PubMed id 10464055)^{1, 2, 7} Whittle C.J....Harper S.J. (1999)
VEGF145, a secreted vascular endothelial growth factor isoform that binds to extracellular matrix. (PubMed id 9054410)^{1, 2, 7} Poltorak Z.... Neufeld G. (1997)
Substrate and functional diversity of lysine acetylation revealed by a proteomics survey. (PubMed id 16916647)^{1, 2} Kim S.C.... Zhao Y. (2006)
Nuclear localization of long-VEGF is associated with hypoxia and tumor angiogenesis. (PubMed id 15896327)^{1, 2} Rosenbaum-Dekel Y....Levi B.Z. (2005)
Control of the vascular endothelial growth factor internal ribosome entry site (IRES) activity and translation initiation by alternatively spliced coding sequences. (PubMed id 14764596)^{1, 2} Bornes S.... Touriol C. (2004)
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). (PubMed id 15489334)^{1, 2} Gerhard D.S....Malek J. (2004)

(in PubMed, OMIM, and NCBI Bookshelf)
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		AND	OR
Aliases
Disorders
Free Text

Query String		PubMed OMIM NCBI Bookshelf
	(Note: In FireFox, select the above section and copy using Ctrl-C)

(According to Entrez Gene, HGNC, AceView, euGenes, Ensembl, miRBase, ECgene, Kegg, and/or H-InvDB)
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Entrez Gene: 7422	HGNC: 12680	AceView: VEGF	Ensembl:ENSG00000112715	euGenes: HUgn7422
ECgene: VEGFA	Kegg: 7422	H-InvDB: VEGFA

(According to HUGE)
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(According to ATLAS, HORDE, IMGT, MTDB, LEIDEN, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot, and/or UniProtKB/TrEMBL,
Wikipedia and/or GeneReviews via UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
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Name	Description
R&D Systems' cytokine mini-reviews: VEGF	http://www.rndsystems.com/molecule_detail.aspx?m=2247
Wikipedia	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor
SeattleSNPs	http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/vegf/

Intellectual Property for VEGFA gene
(Patent information from GeneIP, Licensable technologies from WIS Yeda, Salk, Tufts, IP news from XenneX, Inc.)

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Patent Information for VEGFA gene:
Search GeneIP for patents involving VEGFA

Licensable Technologies for VEGFA gene:

Weizmann Institute:

Porphyrin and Corrole -like analogs as potent inhibitors of Growth Factor Receptor Binding and Activation

GeneCards and IP:
Japan Patent Office Licenses GeneCards European Patent Office Licenses GeneCards Improving the IP Search

(Antibodies, recombinant proteins, and assays by Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, R&D Systems, Qiagen, GenScript, Cell Signaling Technology, SABiosciences, Novus Biologicals, Epitomics, ProSpec, Uscn,
Clones available from Millipore, Sigma-Aldrich, OriGene, GenScript, Sino Biological, PCR Arrays from SABiosciences, Drugs and/or compounds by Sigma-Aldrich, Tocris Bioscience, and/or Enzo Life Sciences)
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VEGFA Gene

protein-coding GIFtS: 64

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